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Blueprints Obstetrics & Gynecology 7th Edition Callahan Test Bank 400 questions and answers 2024
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Blueprints Obstetrics & Gynecology 7th Edition Callahan Test Bank 400 questions and answers 2024
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Blueprints Obstetrics & Gynecology 7th EditionCallahan Test Bank 400 questions and answers
2024
What are signs of nonreassuring fetal status on a fetal heart monitor? - Repetitive late
decelerations
Bradycardia
Loss of variability
What conditions are necessary for safe application of forceps during delivery? - Full
dilation of cervix
Ruptured membranes
Head at at least +2 station
Experienced operator
What is the normal interval between the delivery of the infant and the placenta? -
Usually 5-10 minutes
But up to 30 minutes is within normal limits
What is the current rate of cesarean delivery in the US (2007)? - 29%
What is the risk of uterine rupture during TOLAC (trial of labor after cesarean)? - 0.5-1%
In what percent of pregnancies does placenta previa occur? - 0.5%
What are the associated sequelae of placenta previa? - Antepartum hemorrhage
Preterm delivery
PPROM
IUGR
Increased risk of puerperal hysterectomy
What is the classic presentation of placenta previa? - Painless third trimester bleeding
What is the most common factor associated with increased incidence of placental
abruption? - Hypertension
What is the vascular volume of a term fetus? - About 250mL
,What is the Apt test? - Examination of materanal blood for nucleated (fetal) red blood
cells
What is a succenturiate placenta? - An accessory lobe of the placenta
What is the definition of low birth weight? - <2500g
What is the only medication approved by the FDA for tocolysis? - Ritrodine - a beta
mimetic agent
How does good hydration decrease the number of contractions in preterm labor? - It
decreases ADH which cross reacts with oxytocin receptors
What antibiotic(s) are used in the setting of PPROM? - Ampicillin with or without
erythromycin
What is the "obstetric conjugate?" - The distance between the sacral promontory and
the midpoint of the symphysis pubis - the shortest anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic
inlet
What percentage of singleton deliveries present breech at delivery? - 3-4%
How should a fetus with a shoulder presentation be managed? - Cesarean section
What is the antiseizure medication of choice in pregnancy? - Magnesium sulfate
What malignancies are LGA infants at a higher risk for? - Leukemia, Wilms tumor,
osteosarcoma
Should obese patients be counselled to lose weight during pregnancy? - They shouldn't
lose weight during pregnancy - but should gain less weight than other women
What is the normal maximum volume of amniotic fluid during pregnancy? - 800 mL at
~28 weeks
500 mL at term
What are the common causes of polyhydramnios? - Maternal diabetes
Neural tube defects
Obstruction of alimentary canal
Hydrops
Which is a more ominous sign - polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios? - Oligohydramnios
- umbilical cord often gets compressed leading to fetal asphyxia
What are the risks/complications for the fetus in a uterus with polyhydramnios? - Risk
for malpresentation
,Risk of cord prolapse
At what times in pregnancy should an Rh negative mother recieve RhoGAM when she
has an Rh positive fetus? - At week 28 and postpartum
What is a good non-invasive test for fetal anemia? - Doppler measurement of blood flow
in the middle cerebral artery
What are the dangers for the fetus of postterm pregnancies? - Increased risk of fetal
demise
Macrosomia
Meconium aspiration
Oligohydramnios
What is the average gestational age for delivery of twins? - 36-37 weeks
Which type of twins have the highest mortality rate?
-Monochorionic, diamniotic
-Monochorionic, monoamniotic
-Dichorionic, diamniotic - Monochorionic, monoamniotic due to cord accidents from
entanglements
Which type of twins are at risk for Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome?
-Monochorionic, diamniotic
-Monochorionic, monoamniotic
-Dichorionic, diamniotic - Monochorionic, diamnionic twins
What are the treatment options for Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome? - Serial
amniocenteses
Laser coagulation of vascular connections between the fetuses
Blood pressure typically decreases during pregnancy until which point? - About the
middle of the second trimester
At what week gestation does B-HCG peak? - At 10 weeks - peaks at 100,000 mIU/mL
At what week gestation does an embryo start being called a fetus? - 8 weeks gestation
How early might you start seeing fetal heart beats on US? - 6 weeks
At what week gestational age might you first see the gestational sac in the uterus? - 5
weeks
What is the Chadwick sign? - Bluish discoloration of the vagina and cervix indicating
pregnancy
, What is the difference between "Gestational age" and "Developmental age?" -
Gestational age is the weeks since the LMP
Developmental age is the weeks since conception (usually two weeks less than GA)
At what week of gestation does the mother begin to be aware of fetal movements? - 16-
20 weeks
How much does plasma volume increase during pregnancy? - By 50%.
RBC volume increases by 20-30%, so hematocrit decreases
Which hormone affects smooth muscle in pregnancy and is responsible for many of the
physiologic changes seen? - Progesterone causes smooth muscle relaxation
How much does the daily caloric intake requirement increase during pregnancy? - By
300kCal/day
If a patient begins to gain an unusually large amount of weight late in pregnancy, what
pathology should you consider? - Pre-eclampsia - it could be a sign of fluid retention
Which three chemicals are assayed in the standard triple test for Down syndrome? -
Alpha feto protein
B-HCG
estriol
At what week is AFP usually screened to check for Down syndrome? - 15-18 weeks
At what week of pregnancy are women screened for Group B Streptococcal infection? -
36 weeks
What is the treatment for women who test positive for GBS late in pregnancy? - IV
penicillin
Name the common, benign cause of lower abdominal pain that often occurs late in the
second trimester of pregnancy? - Round ligament pain - secondary to the rapid
expansion of the uterus and stretching of the ligamentous attachments
What are the five components of the Biophysical Profile? - Amniotic fluid volume
Fetal tone
Fetal activity
Fetal breathing movements
NST
Which chemical is seen in higher concentrations in the amniotic fluid when the lung
matures? - Lecithin increases as the lungs mature, while sphingomyelin decreases
beyond about 32 weeks
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