Actus Reus - answer Guilty act as an element of criminal responsibility, the wrongful act
or omission that comprises the physical components of a crime.
Acquittal - answer The legal and formal certification of the innocence of a person who
has been charged with a crime.
Acquit - answer To set free, release or discharge as from an obligation, burden or
accusation.
Adjudicate - answer To give a ruling in the exercise of judicial authority. To determine
finally.
Adjudication - answerA legal process of resolving a dispute. The formal giving of a
judgment in a court proceeding.
Agent - answerA person authorized to act for and under the direction of another person
when dealing with third parties. One who agrees and is authorized to act on behalf of
another, a principal, to legally bind and individual in particular business transactions with
third parties pursuant to an agency relationship.
Appeal Bond - answerOperates as a bail bond for an appellant in a criminal case. The
conditions are that the defendant will prosecute the appeal, and that he or she will
surrender himself or herself to serve the sentence if the verdict of the lower court is
upheld.
Affidavit - answerA written statement of facts voluntarily made by an affiant under an
oath or affirmation administered by a person authorized to do so by law.
Appeal - answerA request for a hearing, or the right to have such a hearing in law, by a
superior court, of part, or the whole, of a previously tried case from a lower court.
Agency - answerA consensual relationship created by contract or by law where one
party, the principal, grants authority for another party, the agent, to act on behalf of and
under the control of the principal to deal with a third party. A place where company
business or individual is transacted by an agent.
, Appearance Bond - answerIn a criminal proceeding, it guarantees that the defendant
will appear in court each and every time he or she is ordered to do so until the case is
disposed of by the court.
Appellant - answerA person who, dissatisfied with the judgment rendered in a lawsuit
decided in a lower court or the findings from a proceeding before an administrative age,
asks a superior court to review the decision.
Appellee - answerA party who has won a judgment in a lawsuit or favorable findings in
an administrative proceeding, which judgment or findings the losing party, the appellant,
seeks to have a higher court reverse or set aside.
Arrest - answerA seizure or forcible restraint; an exercise of the power to deprive a
person of his or her liberty; the taking or keeping of a person in custody by legal
authority, especially, in response to a criminal charge.
Arrest Warrant - answerA document issued by a judge or magistrate that authorizing
someone's arrest by the police. An arrest warrant is issued when the sheriff, county
attorney or other law enforcement agency presents convincing evidence that a crime
has occurred, and the person to be named in the warrant is criminally responsible for its
commission.
Actual Authority - answerThe authority given explicitly, either in writing or orally, given to
an agent by contract and/or by power of attorney.
Attorney-in-Fact - answerOne who is an agent or representative of another (bond
agent/surety company) and is given authority to act in that person's place and name
either for some particular purpose, as to do a particular act, or for the transaction of
business in general. The document giving this authority is called a power of attorney.
Assult - answerAn intentional act by one person that creates an apprehension in
another of an imminent harmful or offensive contact.
Apparent Authority - answerThe authority the public may reasonably believe an agent to
possess, or which said agent holds himself out as possessing.
Bail Bond - answerA bond executed by a defendant who has been arrested, together
with other persons as sureties, naming the sheriff, constable, or marshal as oblige
authority or power of attorney directly, firmly, and explicitly stated.
Bail - answerTo procure the release of a person from legal custody. (2) Money or any
form of security given to assure the appearance of the defendant at all stages of a
criminal proceeding. Chapter 648, defines "bail" as any type of pre-trial release.
Authority Express - answerAuthority or power of attorney directly, firmly, and explicitly
stated
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