Varcarolis Ch. 11 Childhood and
Neurodevelopmental Disorders Detailed Questions
and Expert Answers
1. Which factor presents the highest risk for a child to develop a psychiatric
disorder?
a. Having an uncle with schizophrenia
c. Living with an alcoholic parent
b. Being the oldest child in a family
d. Being an only child - ANS c. Living with an alcoholic parent
Having a parent with a substance abuse problem has been designated an adverse
psychosocial condition that increases the risk of a child developing a psychiatric
condition. Being in a middle-income family and being the oldest child do not
represent psychosocial adversity. Having a family history of schizophrenia presents
a risk, but an alcoholic parent in the family offers a greater risk.
2. Which nursing diagnosis is universally applicable for children diagnosed with
autism spectrum disorders?
,a. Impaired social interaction related to difficulty relating to others
b. Chronic low self-esteem related to excessive negative feedback
c. Deficient fluid volume related to abnormal eating habits
d. Anxiety related to nightmares and repetitive activities - ANS a. Impaired social
interaction related to difficulty relating to others
Children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders display profoundly disturbed
social relatedness. They seem aloof and indifferent to others, often preferring
inanimate objects to human interaction. Language is often delayed and deviant,
further complicating relationship issues. The other nursing diagnoses might not be
appropriate in all cases.
3. Which behavior indicates that the treatment plan for a child diagnosed with an
autism spectrum disorder was effective? The child:
a. plays with one toy for 30 minutes.
b. repeats words spoken by a parent.
c. holds the parents hand while walking.
, d. spins around and claps hands while walking., - ANS c. holds the parents hand
while walking.
Holding the hand of another person suggests relatedness. Usually, a child with an
autism spectrum disorder would resist holding someones hand and stand or walk
alone, perhaps flapping arms or moving in a stereotyped pattern. The incorrect
options reflect behaviors that are consistent with autism spectrum disorders.
4. A kindergartener is disruptive in class. This child is unable to sit for expected
lengths of time, inattentive to the teacher, screams while the teacher is talking,
and is aggressive toward other children. The nurse plans interventions designed to:
a. promote integration of self-concept.
b. provide inpatient treatment for the child.
c. reduce loneliness and increase self-esteem.
d. improve language and communication skills. - ANS c. reduce loneliness and
increase self-esteem.
Because of their disruptive behaviors, children with ADHD often receive negative
feedback from parents, teachers, and peers, leading to self-esteem disturbance.
These behaviors also cause peers to avoid the child with ADHD, leaving the child
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