CTI-120 Chapter 2
Application Layer
Presentation Layer
Session Layer
Transport Layer
Network Layer
Data Link Layer
Physical Layer - ANS-OSI MODEL
Address Resolution Protocol. Resolves IP addresses to MAC addresses. - ANS-ARP
The seventh layer of the OSI model. Application layer protocols enable software programs to
negotiate formatting, procedural, security, synchronization, and other requirements with the
network.
Message Creation
Database Access
Application User Interface
What calls a protocol
Protocols are FTP HTTPS POP3 SMTP Telnet - ANS-Application Layer
A database of records that maps MAC addresses to IP addresses. The ARP table is stored on a
computer's hard disk where it is used by the ARP utility to supply the MAC addresses of network
nodes, given their IP addresses. - ANS-ARP Table
all computers on the LAN share the same channel or frequency to transmit data -
ANS-baseband
Multiple channels can be utilized by the communication system - ANS-Broadband
Short for the Content Addressable Memory table, a table in memory of switches set aside to
store the MAC address to a port translation table. - ANS-CAM Table
the guts of OSI model transmission, consisting of layers 1 thru 3. Physical, data, network
LAYERS 1-3 - ANS-Communications subnetwork
Determine how to transfer data over physical layer
Uses NIC and Bridges and Switches and Waps
Standards 802.3 and 802.5
, Error detection but not correction
USES FRAMES
USES MAC ADDRESS - ANS-Datalink layer
Packets are encapsulated into frames
Steps (Start between presentation and session)
- DATA
- SEGMENT
- PACKET
- FRAME
- BITS - ANS-encapuslated
The process of transforming information from one format into another. - ANS-Encoded
When another computer wants to connect to a service of application YOUR computer
used by SERVERS - ANS-inbound port
The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
the agency that assigns port numbers - ANS-IANA
Internet Control Message Protocol. Used for diagnostics such as ping. - ANS-ICMP
Internet Engineering Task Force
Who maintains the TCP/IP model - ANS-IETF
Internet Protocol. The main delivery system for information over the Internet - ANS-IP
Data link layer
USES THE MAC ADDRESS
Hardware uses host MAC for frame direction
mapped by MAC - ANS-Layer 2 switch
Network Layer
USES THE IP ADDRESS
Forwarding packets
Logical addressing path determination
USE OF ROUTER - ANS-Layer 3 switch
An attack that sends numerous packets to the switch, each of which has a different source MAC
address, in an attempt to use up the memory on the switch. - ANS-MAC Flood
Media Access Control Address
Burned into the NIC
6 octets with hexadecimal - ANS-MAC
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