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MCAT Biology Exam Practice Questions With Correct Answers 2024
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MCAT Biology Exam Practice Questions With Correct Answers 2024
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MCAT Biology Exam Practice QuestionsWith Correct Answers 2024
the echemical ereaction ethat ebreaks edown eall ethe emajor emacro-molecules e- ecorrect
eanswer.Hydrolysis
What eis ethe estrongest etype eof eINTER-molecular ebonds? e- ecorrect eanswer.Hydrogen
ebonds eare ethe estrongest eintermolecular ebonds....
diople-dipole ebonds eare eweaker. e. e. eVander ewall ebonds eare ethe eweakest.
Why eis ewater ea eliquid eat ehigh etemperatures? e- ecorrect eanswer.Hydrogen ebonding ebonds
ethe ewater emolocules ecloser etogether.
What eis ean eampipathic emolecule? egive ean eExample. e- ecorrect eanswer.A emolecule ewith
eboth ehydrophobic eand ehydrophilic eregions.
Example: ePhoshpoLipid e(Phospho=philic,lipid= ephobic)
What eis ea elipid? e- ecorrect eanswer.A elipid eis ea ebiological emolecule ewith elow esolubility ein
ewater. e
Lipid emeans efat. eLiposuction eis efat eremoval. e
Peptides eare eNOT elipids.
What eare ethe e6 emajor egroups eof elipids? e- ecorrect eanswer.1) efatty eacids... e
the enext e3 ehave ea e3 ecarbon eback ebone:
2) eTri-glyceride e
3) ePhospholipids e
4) eGlycolipids
5) eSteroids
6) eTerpenes e- eA elarge eclass eof eorganic ecompounds. eexamples: esmelly epine eoils, ebeer
ehops earoma eand evitamin eA.
What eis ethe estructure eof ea eTri-glyceride? e- ecorrect eanswer.triglicerides eare eesters.
eComposed efrom e3 ecarbon eglycerol ebackbone eand e3 efatty eacid echains edangling. eEach
ecarbon echain eis eattached eby ean eester ebond.
What ehappens eif eyou eadd ewater eto ean eester egroup ein ea eTri-glyceride? eHow eis ethis
ereaction erate eincreased? e- ecorrect eanswer.Water ecleaves ethe eester ebond einto ean
,ealcohol eand ea ecarboxylic/ efatty eacid. eLIPASES espeed eare ethe eenzyme ethat espeed ethis
ereaction.
in eterms eof ewater esolubility, eWhat eis eimportant eto eknow eabout ethe elonger ethe ecarbon
echain ein ea eTri-glyceride ewhen ebroken edown? e- ecorrect eanswer.longer ecarbon echains
eare eless ewater esoluble.
In elonger echains ethe epolar ecarboxylic eacid eare eless esignificant.
How esoluble eis ea eShorter echain efatty eacids? e- ecorrect eanswer.Shorter echain efatty eacids
eare eslightly ewater esoluble.
explain ewhat eis eso especial eabout eSaturated eFatty eAcids........Also, eexplain ethe emelting
epoint. e- ecorrect eanswer.saturated efatty eacids ehave eonly esingle, ealkane ebonds ealong ethe
ecarbon echain. eThey ehave ea estraighter echain eand ehave emore evan eder ewall eforces, eand
etherefor ea ehigher emelting epoint.
explain ewhat eis eso especial eabout eUnsaturated eFatty eAcid.... eAlso, eexplain ethe emelting
epoint. e- ecorrect eanswer.Unsaturated efatty eacids ehave eat eleast eone edouble ebond. eThey
eare enot esaturated ewith eHydrogen. ethey ehave ea eLOWER emelting epoint.
At eroom etemperatures eunsaturated efatty eacids emay ebe eoily, elike eHealthy epeanut ebutter.
explain ethe ephospho-lipids estructure. eWhere eare ephoshpo elipids ecommon? e- ecorrect
eanswer.Phospholipids eare ealso ebuilt eon ea e3 eCarbon ebackbone. e
One eof ethe ecarbon ehas ea ePhosphate ePO4 egroup. ethe eother e2 ecarbons ehave ecarbon
echains eattached eby ea eester ebond.
This eis ethe elollypop eof ethe ecell emembrane. eEsters ehave e2 eoxygens.
What eregions eare epoplar enonpolar ein ea emembrane? e- ecorrect eanswer.1)the ephosphates
eare ePolar, ewater elovin, ehydro ephilic eregions ethat eface ethe eoutside.
2) eNonpolar, ehydro ephobic ecarbon echain eregions eface ethe einside.
Explain eglycolipids estructure. e- ecorrect eanswer.glycolipids ehave e3 ecarbon ebackbone ewith
2 eCarbon echains eattached eby ean eester egroup.
THe ethird ecarbon ehas ea ecarbohydrate
What edo esteroids elook elike? e- ecorrect eanswer.Slightly eamphipathic e4 ering estructures
lipids eare einsoluble. eSo ehow edo ethey emove ethrough ethe eblood? e- ecorrect eanswer.They
eare eusually ecarried eby elipoproteins, elike eHDL eor eLDL.
What eare ethe emajor eclasses eof elipoproteins? e- ecorrect eanswer.1) eChylomicrons ewhich
eare ethe elargest e
2) eVLDLs ethese eare elow edenstiy, ebut elarge.
3) eLDLs
4) eHDLs. ethese ehigh edensity elipids eare ethe esmallest, eand ecalled egood eproteins.
,What eare eproteins emade eup eof? e- ecorrect eanswer.one eor emore echains eof eamino eacids,
eperhaps ein ea ecrazy eass earrangement.
describe eamino eacid estructure. e- ecorrect eanswer.Amino eacids ehave e4 eparts eattached eto
ethe ealpha ecarbon.
1. ethe eamino egroup, ewhich eis eNH2
2. ethe eR egroup, ewhich eis eone eof e20 echoices
3. ethe eCarboxylic eacid eor eC eO eO
the elast ething eattached eto ethe eCarbon eis ethe eHydrogen.
What eare ethe ebasic eamino eacids? e- ecorrect eanswer.Hal
Histidine
Arginine
Lysine
What eare ethe eacidic eamino eacids? e- ecorrect eanswer.Aspartic eacid eand eGlutamic eacid
What eare ethe enonpolar eamino eacids? e- ecorrect eanswer.Poor eLTMG eIs eVenezuelan eAt
eParties
1) ePhenylalanine
2) eLeucine
3) eTryptophan
4) eMethionine
5) eGlycine
6) eIsoleucine
7) eValine
8) eAlanine
9) eProline
What eis ethe eprimary estructure eof ea eprotein? e- ecorrect eanswer.Sequence eof eamino eacids
eand e
Location eof edisulfide ebonds ebetween ecistine eresidues
What eis ethe esecondary estructure eof ea eprotein? e- ecorrect eanswer.1) eTwisting eof ethe ealpha
ehelix
2) eBeta esheets
What eis ethe etertiary estructure eof ea eprotein? e- ecorrect eanswer.3D estructure eincluding
ebending
What eis ethe equaternary estructure eof ea eprotein? e- ecorrect eanswer.Multiple eproteins ein
eformation
What eare ethe efive eforces ethat ecreate etertiary estructure? e- ecorrect eanswer.1) eCovalent
2) eDisulfide ebonding ebetween ecysteine eresidues e(Bond eitself ecreates etertiary estructure)
3) eH ebonds
, 4) eHPhob eaway efrom ecytosol eand eHphil einteractions etowards ecytosol
5) eVan eDer eWaals e(dipoles, einstantaneous edipoles)
What elevels eof estructure eare edisrupted eduring ethe edenaturation eprocess? e- ecorrect
eanswer.Secondary e- equaternary
What eis ethe edifference ebetween ea eproteoglycan eand ea eglycoprotein? e- ecorrect
eanswer.Glycoproteins:
1) eMade eof eprotein eand ecarbohydrate
2) eMore estable ethan eproteins
3) eOften eused ein eIS eto ebridge ethe ecellular emembrane.
4) eRatio e- ehave emore eproteins
Proteoglycans:
1) eSpecial eclass eof eglycoprotein
2) eContain eextra ecarbohydrates
3) eStructure e= eprotein ewith eone eor emore eglycosaminoglycan echains.
4) eRatio e- ehave emore ecarbs
What eis ethe eempirical eformula efor eany ecarbohydrate? e- ecorrect eanswer.CH2O
Describe ethe echemical estructure eof eglucose e- ecorrect eanswer.1) eAldehyde
2) eHas e4 echiral ecarbons
3) eFischer e- eR, eL, eR, eR
4) e6 emembered ering ewhere eone eof ethe ering emembers eis eoxygen
5) eC1 e- eanomeric ecarbon
Where eis eglucose estored ein ealpha elinkages? e- ecorrect eanswer.Animals e(glycogen) eand
eplants e(starch)
Who estores eglucose ewith ebeta elinkages? e- ecorrect eanswer.beta elinkages eare ein ePlant
ecell ewalls. eCellulose.
What emolecule eis eadded eto eglycogen, estarch, eand ecellulose eto ebreak eoff eindividual
eglucose emolecules? e- ecorrect eanswer.Water
Hydrolysis ereaction.
and eenzymes elike eamylase espeed eit eup.
What eare ethe efour emacromolecules? e- ecorrect eanswer.Protein
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Nucleic eacids
What eare ethe ethree eparts eof ea enucleotide? e- ecorrect eanswer.Ribose esugar
Nitrogenous ebase
PO4 egroup
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