PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam(200+ Questions with 100% verified answers)
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Course
PSY 101
Institution
PSY 101
PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam(200+ Questions with 100% verified answers)/PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam(200+ Questions with 100% verified answers)/PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam(200+ Questions with 100% verified answers)
PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam
psychology - correct answer the scientific study of behavior and mental
processes
science - correct answer psychology uses systematic methods to observe human
behavior and draw conclusions
behavior - correct answer everything we do that can be directly observed
mental process - correct answer The thoughts, feelings, and motives that each of
us experiences privately but that cannot be observed directly
critical thinking - correct answer thinking that does not blindly accept arguments
and conclusions. Rather, it examines assumptions, discerns hidden values,
evaluates evidence, and assesses conclusions.
empirical method - correct answer gaining knowledge through the observation of
events, the collection of data, and logical reasoning
structuralism - correct answer focus on identifying the elemental parts or
structures of the human mind; William Wundt
functionalism - correct answer A school of psychology that focused on how our
mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive,
and flourish; William James
natural selection - correct answer A process in which individuals that have
certain inherited traits tend to survive and reproduce at higher rates than other
individuals because of those traits; Charles Darwin
neurons - correct answer a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous
system
glial cells - correct answer cells in the nervous system that support, nourish, and
protect neurons
cell body - correct answer Largest part of a typical neuron; contains the nucleus
and much of the cytoplasm
dendrites - correct answer Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to
receive information.
,PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam
axon - correct answer the extension of a neuron, ending in branching terminal
fibers, through which messages pass to other neurons or to muscles or glands
myelin sheath - correct answer fatty layer that covers the axon of some neurons
and helps speed neural impulses
resting potential - correct answer The difference in electric charge between the
inside and outside of a neuron's cell membrane; neg inside, pos outisde
action potential - correct answer a neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that
travels down an axon
all or nothing principle - correct answer The principle that once the electrical
impulse reaches a certain level of intensity (its threshold), it fires and moves all
the way down the axon without losing any intensity.
synapses - correct answer tiny gaps between dentrites and axons of different
neurons
Neuraltransmitters - correct answer transmit, or carry, information across the
synaptic gap to the next neuron
Acetylcholine (ACh) - correct answer stimulates the firing of neurons and is
involved in the action of muscles, learning, and memory
Alzheimer's disease - correct answer degenerative brain disorder that involves a
decline in memory, have an acetylcholine deficiency
GABA - correct answer a major inhibitory neurotransmitter
decreased GABA levels - correct answer lead to anxiety
glutamate - correct answer exciting many neurons to fire and is especially
involved in learning and memory
norepinephrine - correct answer inhibits the firing of neurons in the central
nervous system, but it excites the heart muscle, intestines, and urogenital tract
dopamine - correct answer control voluntary movement and affects sleep, mood,
attention, learning, and the ability to recognize rewards in the environment
, PSY 101 Straighterline Final Exam
seratonin - correct answer involved in the regulation of sleep, mood, attention,
and learning
endorphins - correct answer natural opiates that mainly stimulate the firing of
neurons; block pain & increase pleasure
oxytocin - correct answer hormone and neurotransmitter that plays an important
role in the experience of love and social bonding
agonist - correct answer A chemical that mimics the action of a neurotransmitter.
antagonist - correct answer drug that blocks a neurotransmitter's effects
brain lesioning - correct answer abnormal disruption in the tissue of the brain
resulting from injury or disease
Electroencephalogram (EEG) - correct answer records the brain's electrical
activity
hindbrain - correct answer medulla, pons, cerebellum; located at skull's rear
thalamus - correct answer relays info b/w lower and higher brain centers
hypothalamus - correct answer governs eating, drinking, and sex; plays a role in
emotion and stress
reticular formation - correct answer a nerve network in the brainstem that plays
an important role in controlling arousal & stereotyped patterns
medulla - correct answer governs breathing and reflexes
cerebellum - correct answer A large structure of the hindbrain that controls
motor coordination
pons - correct answer governs sleep and arousal
Hippocampus - correct answer a brain structure that is associated with the
formation of memories
amygdala - correct answer A limbic system structure involved in memory and
emotion, particularly fear and aggression
brain stem - correct answer Connects the brain and spinal cord
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