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Biology 211 Exam 1 - Iowa State University Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
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Biology 211 Exam 1 - Iowa State University Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
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©PREP4EXAMS @2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Wednesday, July 17, 2024 1:27 AMBiology 211 Exam 1 - Iowa State University
Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
What are the 5 fundamental traits of life? With these traits in mind, are viruses alive? What
evidence supports your conclusion? - ✔️✔️-Energy Use and Metabolism
-Cell Theory
-Information, Genetics
-Replication or reproduction
-Biological Evolution
-No, viruses are not alive because they do not have cells.
How do hypotheses and theories differ? What do scientists mean by "theory" and does this
mean the same thing as "in theory" that non-scientists may say in conversation? Explain. -
✔️✔️A hypothesis is a constructed idea before any applicable research has been done. A theory
is an idea supported by evidence.
When scientists say theory, they mean something that is true and supported by evidence.
When it is used in everyday conversations, it is simply an idea that hasn't been proven, aka a
hypothesis.
Write the Cell Theory in your own words. Did the Cell Theory challenge or support the
concept of spontaneous generation? Explain. - ✔️✔️Cell Theory: All cells come from pre-
existing cells.
The Cell Theory challenged Spontaneous Generation and tested against it through the Pasteur
Flask Experiments.
Outline Pasteur's swan-necked flask experiment. What was the one variable that differed
between the test and experimental groups? Why is it important to test one variable at a time?
- ✔️✔️Pasteur was comparing the ideas of spontaneous generation and cell theory against each
other. To do this, he first set up an experiment where he had a straight neck flask filled with
broth. He boiled all of the bacteria out of the broth and left it to sit. After a couple of days,
there were bacterial cells. He then took a straight necked flask and bent it into a swan necked
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, ©PREP4EXAMS @2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Wednesday, July 17, 2024 1:27 AM
flask. He then performed the same experiment, boiling broth in both flasks and leaving them.
After a couple of weeks, the straight necked flask had bacterial cells in it again, but the swan
neck did not. Instead, the cells clumped inside the bend in the neck.
It's important to test one variable at a time so that the experiment isn't overwhelmed and you
can keep track of each variable that you're testing.
What were the 2 claims made by Wallace and Darwin as they described the process of
evolution? - ✔️✔️All species are related by common ancestry and characteristics of species
can be modified from generation to generation because of natural selection.
What are the 2 conditions required for natural selection to occur? Would a trait that increases
the lifespan of each individual in the population but decreases overall fertility lead to greater
or lesser fitness of the affected individuals? - ✔️✔️Individuals must vary in characteristics that
are heritable and in a certain environment, certain versions of these traits can help individuals
reproduce more than other versions.
A trait that increases lifespans but decreases overall fertility would lead to lesser fitness in the
affected individuals.
What is the smallest unit that can evolve? Do individuals evolve? - ✔️✔️A population is the
smallest unit that can evolve. Individuals do not evolve.
If you continuously bred large-pod peas to other large-pod peas, would you expect the
average pod size to get smaller or larger? Why? What is this process called? - ✔️✔️You would
expect the average pod size to get larger because it is a desirable heritable trait due to natural
selection.
Distinguish between fitness and adaptation? What organism are the most evolutionarily fit? -
✔️✔️Fitness is how well you produce offspring and how well they produce offspring.
Adaptation is a trait that increases the fitness of an individual in a certain environment.
Diagram the central dogma of genetics. Label the 3 steps in order, from DNA to protein. -
✔️✔️Molecular machinery makes copies of DNA in a closely related molecule known as
RNA, which is translated into protein.
Why did Carl Woese and his colleagues compare ribosomal RNA to build their phylogenetic
trees? Could they have used the gene for a protein like keratin or pilin? Why or why not? -
✔️✔️Woese and his colleagues compared ribosomal RNA to build their phylogenetic trees
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