MED SURG QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
The nurse is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit.
Which client should the
nurse see initially?
1. A client admitted with hepatitis A who has had severe
diarrhea for the last
24 hours
2. A client admitted with pneumonia who is has s...
The nurse is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit.
Which client should the
nurse see initially?
1. A client admitted with hepatitis A who has had severe
diarrhea for the last
24 hours
2. A client admitted with pneumonia who is has small amounts
of yellow
productive sputum
3. A client admitted with fever of unknown origin (FUO) who
has been
without fever for the last 48 hours
4. A client admitted with a wound infection whose WBC is 8,500
mm3 - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 1
Rationale: The nurse must decide which client should be seen
on the initial rounds of the
day. The nurse must remember that the first client to be seen
should be the client
who needs the attention of the nurse initially. A client with
hepatitis A does
,experience diarrhea, but diarrhea for the last 24 hours could
cause the client to
have a problem with dehydration and experience a state of fluid
volume deficit.
The nurse is preparing to administer influenza vaccines to a
mass drive-through clinic.
Which statement by a client would indicate further questioning
prior to giving the client
the influenza vaccine?
1. "I am allergic to horse hair."
2. "I try to get my vaccine every year."
3. "I am not allergic to anything except eggs."
4. "My husband had a severe allergic reaction after he received
his influenza
vaccine." - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 3
Rationale: Influenza vaccines are recommended for person at
high risk for serious
sequelae of influenza. The nurse should be aware that client
with a sensitivity to
eggs should not receive the vaccine. Vaccines prepared from
chicken or duck
embryos are contraindicated in clients who are allergic to eggs.
Each client's response to pain may be influenced by multiple
factors. Select all that
apply:
a. Age
b. Past experience with pain
c. Cultural influences
d. Knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER-Correct Answers: a; b; c;
d
,Rationale: All factors listed can influence a client's response to
pain.
The nurse is caring for four clients on a medical-surgical unit.
The secretary gives the
nurse the morning labs. Which of the following labs would
require that the nurse call the
physician and inform the healthcare provider about the client's
abnormalities?
1. WBC 14,600 mm3
2. Serum protein 6.9 g/dL
3. I & D (incision and drainage) showing no growth for the last
24 hours
4. Albumin 4.2 g/dL - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 1
Rationale: When the nurse is caring for several clients, all of
the labs should be checked
frequently throughout the shift to assess for any abnormalities.
The WBC in option 1 is
abnormal. (Normal WBC 4,000-10,000 mm3
.) All of the other lab results are within
acceptable range; therefore, the results should not be called in
to the physician.
The nurse is orienting a new graduate. The nurse is reinforcing
the importance of
standard precautions. Which of the following observations by
the nurse would require
further education regarding standard precautions?
1. The graduate nurse understands to wash hands when
entering and exiting
the client's room.
2. The graduate nurse wears gloves when serving breakfast
trays to various
clients.
, 3. The graduate nurse wears a gown, gloves, and goggles
when suctioning a
client.
4. The graduate nurse leaves all supplies in the room of a client
who is in
contact isolation. - CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: 2
Rationale: The nurse must have an understanding of standard
precautions. Prevention is
the most important measure to prevent nosocomial infections.
Standard
precautions were published in 1996 that provide guidelines for
the handling of
blood and other body fluids. These guidelines are used with all
clients, regardless
of whether they have a known infectious disease. Standard
precautions are used by all healthcare workers who have direct
contact with clients or with their body
fluids. It is not necessary for the nurse to wear gloves while
delivering food trays
to the client, because there is not contact with the client.
A 45-year-old woman presents to the ambulatory clinic for a
gynecological
examination. The health history reveals no significant personal
or family medical history.
What information concerning health-promotion behaviors
should be presented to the
client?
a. It is time to begin having mammograms every other year.
b. If the client is in a monogamous relationship, Pap smears will
not be needed.
c. Bone density examinations are indicated every year.
d. Recommended calcium intake is at least 1,200 mg per day. -
CORRECT ANSWER-Answer: d
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