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3B Ornamental Pest Management MDARD Exam Questions and Answers Fully Solved
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3B Ornamental Pest Management MDARD Exam
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3B Ornamental Pest ManagementMDARD Exam
What are some factors to consider before choosing a piece of application equipment? -
answer1. Is it well suited to treat the target pest?
2. Will it apply the chosen formulation(s)?
3. Is it affordable?
4. Is it sturdy and durable enough to do the job?
5. Is it easy to fill, operate, and clean?
6. Will it apply pesticides in an environmentally sound manner?
What are some advantages and disadvantages of spray applicators? - answer Sprayers
are usually easy to use, and there are many choices. Different nozzles are available for
various uses, targeting a wide range of plant pests. Spraying is one of the most widely
used and effective ways to apply pesticides.
However, sprayers cannot apply certain formulations. Sprayers can be complex and
costly, with many parts to maintain. Most sprayers are prone to drift if not properly
managed.
Name at least four types of hand sprayers. - answerReady-to-use (pressurized)
aerosols, trigger pump sprayers, hose-end proportioners, push-pull pump sprayers, and
backpack (knapsack) sprayers.
List some benefits and drawbacks of using a hand sprayer. - answerHand sprayers are
relatively inexpensive, simple to operate, maneuverable, easy to clean, and easy to
store. Some include features such as an adjustable handgun or small spray booms.
Hand sprayers are well suited for spot treatments and treating small areas. They can
also treat steep slopes and other areas that larger sprayers cannot reach.
However, hand sprayers have a small capacity, and their pressure and output may
fluctuate. Some do not have a good way to provide agitation. These sprayers are not
suitable to apply suspensions like wettable powder spray mixtures.
,How do ready-to-use aerosols work? Where would you use them? - answerReady-to-
use aerosols contain a pesticide dissolved in a volatile liquid under pressure. When
discharged from the pressurized cylinder ("bomb"), the pesticide vaporizes. After
release, fine particles of pesticide are suspended in the air. You could use an aerosol to
treat insects or mites on a small number of plants. Aerosols do not penetrate soil and do
not work under very warm or wet conditions.
What special risk do you face when using a hose-end proportioner? - answerBack-
siphonage. Use hose-end proportioners only if you have a fail-safe backflow prevention
device between the proportioner and the water supply.
You plan to make a spot application of herbicide a good distance from the nearest water
supply. Which hand sprayer(s) would you choose for the job? - answerA push-pull pump
sprayer or backpack (knapsack) sprayer.
List some pros and cons of using a small motorized sprayer (such as a power backpack
sprayer or an estate sprayer). - answerSmall motorized sprayers usually have a larger
capacity than hand sprayers. They can operate within a wider range of pressures. Many
have built-in hydraulic agitation. Some are small enough to use in confined areas.
However, like hand sprayers, they are often impractical for wide-area use. These
sprayers may not generate enough pressure and flow to provide good coverage of a
large tree.
List some advantages and disadvantages of using a large, high-pressure (hydraulic)
sprayer. - answerHydraulic sprayers can treat dense foliage and reach the canopy of tall
trees. They may include a boom to spray a wide area. They provide good penetration,
reach, and coverage. They are usually durable and long lasting if cared for properly.
However, hydraulic sprayers are expensive and require large amounts of water and
fuel. Because of their size, they may not be suitable for all sites. They are also more
likely than smaller sprayers to cause pesticide drift.
How do hydraulic sprayers work? - answerThe motor of the spray vehicle drives the
pump. The pump pressurizes the sprayer, pushing the spray solution out of a storage
tank, through the nozzles, and onto the target area. The applicator adjusts the
equipment and calculates the water-to-pesticide dilution ratio to achieve the desired
application rate. There are many types and designs to choose from.
What are the major parts of a spraying system? - answer1. Mixing/holding tank.
2. Pump.
3. One or more nozzles.
4. Hose or plumbing connecting the tank to the nozzles.
, Why is sprayer configuration (setup) important? - answerA sprayer must be configured
properly to produce a uniform spray. Choose suitable nozzles, and make sure they
produce the right pattern overlap for best spray coverage.
What is the function of the shut-off valve in a sprayer tank? - answerTo prevent the
liquid in the tank from leaking out if any part of the system needs servicing.
List three types of tanks that can resist corrosion from pesticides. - answerStainless
steel, polyethylene plastic, and fiberglass.
What does the sprayer pump do? - answerThe pump pressurizes the liquid through the
system. It moves the pesticide mix or solution from the tank through the plumbing and
out the nozzles. Pumps deliver the necessary flow to all nozzles at the desired pressure
for uniform distribution.
What factors should you consider when choosing a pump for your spraying system? -
answerYour pump should have a capacity of at least 25% greater than the largest flow
required by the nozzles. It should be easy to prime. It should also be connected to a
power source. Its metal parts must resist corrosion. Choose gaskets, plunger cups, and
impellers that resist swelling or chemical breakdown when using most liquid pesticides.
If you use wettable powders or flowable formulations, your pump must be abrasion
resistant.
List three important functions of nozzles. - answer1. To break the spray solution into
small droplets.
2. To distribute the spray in a specific pattern.
3. To affect the flow rate.
The shape and size of the nozzle orifice affect the flow rate and the spray pattern. The
larger the orifice (opening), the greater the flow rate.
Which types of nozzles are most resistant to wear? - answerCeramic and hardened
stainless steel.
What are the parts of a complete nozzle assembly? - answerBody, screen, cap, and
nozzle (orifice plate).
Why should you match the pressure of a sprayer with your nozzles? - answerNozzles
have a prescribed pressure range. If the pressure is too low, the desired spray pattern
will not form properly. Spray distribution will not be even or as expected. If the pressure
is too high, the rate of nozzle wear and the risk of drift increase.
What is the difference between a flat-fan and a cone nozzle? - answerThe spray pattern
they produce. A fan nozzle produces a fan-shaped spray. The liquid released is narrow
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