pcb 3023 FINAL EXAM Questions And Answers With 100% Correct Answers
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Course
Pcb 3023
Institution
Pcb 3023
eukaryotic cell types - animal - - nucleus
- linear nuclear chromosomes
- mitochondria
- centrioles
-- microtubule organizing center
- no cell wall or capsule
endosymbiosis - mitochondria and chloroplasts were prokaryotes that entered eukaryotic cells
and became specialized to perform specif...
endosymbiosis - mitochondria and chloroplasts were prokaryotes that entered eukaryotic cells
and became specialized to perform specific cellular instructions
evidence for endosymbiosis - - organelles contain their own DNA (organelle genomes
- organelles resemble present day prokaryotes
- organelle genomic sequences resemble those of present day prokaryotes
- organelles can divide independently from the cell nucleus
- organelles are enclosed by double membranes
evolution of cells - - mitochondria entered into the eukaryotic cell lineage
see photo (slide 33, lecture 1)
endosymbiosis- the origin of mitochondria - mechanism is similar to endocytosis
- notice the double membrane of the organelle
human mitochondrion contains multiple copies of its genome and divides like a __________________ -
bacterium (fusion/fission)
evolution of cells - chloroplasts entered only in the plant cell lineage
, endosymbiosis - origin of chloroplasts - chloroplasts originated from a photosynthetic bacterium
endosymbiotic prokaryotes adapted to perform specialized cellular functions - - mitochondria -
energy processing
- chloroplasts - sunlight energy harvesting
- b/c of the loss of genes to the nucleus, the endosymbionts cannot survive outside the cell
- presence of organelles does NOT define eukaryotes -- nucleus does
eukaryotic cell types - plant - - nucleus
- linear nuclear chromosomes
- mitochondria
- no centrioles
- microtubule organizing center but no centrioles
- chloroplasts
- large vacuoles - fluid filled compartments
- cell wall
eukaryotes - have a nuclear envelope - the defining feature, organelles, and a cytoskeleton
the _________ is the defining feature of eukaryotic cells. it contains most of the DNA in the cell -
nucleus
mitochondria - - membrane-enclosed organelles that are found in most eukaryotic cells and
generate most of the cell's supply of usable energy
- dna-containing organelles - endosymbionts
- enclosed by a double membrane
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