FNP Certification Review 3rd ed (Leik) - Study Questions &
Answers.
Which medications are associated with the highest incidence of erectile dysfunction? -
Correct Answer SSRI -- Paroxetine (Paxil) is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
(SSRI) that causes sexual adverse effects (impotence, inability to reach orgasm) in up
to 50% of men who take it. Of all the SSRIs, it seems to be the one with the highest risk
of erectile dysfunction.
tests would you recommend to patients to confirm the diagnosis of beta thalassemia or
sickle cell anemia - Correct Answer hemoglobin electrophoresis
Stepwise approach to treating acne vulgaris - Correct Answer 1. Topical agents are the
first-line treatment for acne vulgaris
2. Retin-A 0.25% gel
3. Oral preparations (tetracycline)
4. Accutane
1. What is the least common pathogen found in community-acquired pneumonia?
2. Common in
3. Treatment - Correct Answer 1. P. aeruginosa is an uncommon cause of community-
acquired pneumonia.
2. It is more common in patients with cystic fibrosis and hospitalized patients.
3. In mild cases, it can be treated with ciprofloxacin (Cipro) or levofloxacin (Levaquin),
which are fluoroquinolones. P. aeruginosa is resistant to several antibiotics and it can
be tricky to treat. Many patients need hospitalization.
maculopapular rash is noted to have areas of central clearing making it resemble a
round target. (Disease/Host/Organism) - Correct Answer Erythema migrans is a
symptom of early Lyme disease. It is an annular lesion that slowly enlarges with time
(days to weeks) and has central clearing. It is caused by a bite from an infected
(Borrelia burgdorferi) blacklegged tick. If untreated, infection will spread to joints,
nervous system, and heart. Most cases of Lyme disease occur in the Northeast, mid-
Atlantic states, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and northern California.
A chest radiograph shows an area of consolidation on the lower lobe. What conditions is
most likely - Correct Answer Bacterial pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung especially affecting the alveoli. It is
associated with fever, chest symptoms, and consolidation on a chest x-ray. Infectious
agents include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Consolidation is not present in the
lungs with bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or atypical
pneumonia.
Which drug class is preferred initially to treat symptoms of GERD? - Correct Answer A
proton pump inhibitor (PPI) trial for 8 weeks is preferred for the treatment of
, moderate/severe GERD whose symptoms are not responding to lifestyle changes.
Given the frequency of symptoms, a step-down approach should be considered in this
patient.
1. side effect from the use of nifedipine (Procardia XL)
2. Classification? - Correct Answer 1. edema of the ankles, dizziness, headaches,
flushing, and weakness.
2. calcium channel blockers
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors tend to have the side effects of -
Correct Answer angioedema and a dry hacking cough
Diuretics can cause side effects of - Correct Answer hyperkalemia and hyperuricemia
Downs syndrome can play contact sports if check for - Correct Answer cervical
instability
Atlantoaxial instability (AAI) denotes increased mobility at the articulation of the first and
second cervical vertebrae (atlantoaxial joint). The American Academy of Pediatrics
issued a position statement in 1984 on AAI and Down syndrome (DS): All children with
DS who wish to participate in sports should have cervical spine x-rays. Repeated x-rays
are not indicated for children with DS who have had a previously normal neck x-ray.
Persons with DS who have no evidence of AAI may participate in all sports.
Nonhealing ulcers of the skin are a risk for skin cancer and patients should be treated
how? - Correct Answer referral -- evaluated by a dermatologist for treatment
Acute alcohol withdrawal delirium is managed with - Correct Answer benzodiazepines
Rhabdomyolysis - Correct Answer rapid breakdown of skeletal muscle; muscle
pain/weakness, dark urine...
it releases large amounts of myoglobin, which is toxic to the kidneys. It can result in
acute kidney injury or acute renal failure. There are many causes such as severe
exercise, traumatic crush injuries, medicines (statins, fibrates especially if combined),
illicit drugs, and others. The signs and symptoms of rhabdomyolysis are muscle pain
(shoulders, thighs, calves, lower back), muscle weakness, dark-red or brown urine,
fever, tachycardia, and/or decreased urination. Almost half of patients report no
muscular symptoms.
Sensorineural hearing loss - Correct Answer (i.e., presbycusis) involves damage to the
hair cells in the cochlea (sensory portion) and may involve cranial nerve VIII (neural).
Describe Osgood-Schlatter disease - Correct Answer characterized by pain over the
tibial tuberosity with palpation of a bony mass over the anterior tubercle of one or both
knees.
Exercise worsens the pain.
painful lumps on knees.
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