Wisconsin Pesticide Applicator Exam Review: Turf
& Landscape
Terms in this set (221)
Ch.1 Contrast the difference -Simple: "Incomplete Metamorphosis"; 3 stages: egg,
between simple and nymph, & adult
complete metamorphosis -Complete: 4 distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, & adult
Insects have: body form has 3 regions: head, thorax,
Ch.1 Describe the structural
abdomen; 3 pairs of legs attached to thorax; 0, 1, or 2
features of insects
pairs of wings attached to thorax; 1 pair of antennae
*Temperature & humidity preferences vary for each
insect.
*Combined effect of both on reproduction &
development is more dramatically different than the
Ch.1 Explain how effect of either alone.
temperature and humidity -Temperature: development is faster with heat & slower
affect insect development with cold temps; insects die at the high levels of
developmental threshold temps and become inactive at
low levels
-Humidity: effects insect diseases; effects moisture levels
required for survival
Ch.1 Explain how to Arthropods have: exoskeleton; body form has 2 regions:
distinguish insects from head & abdomen; usually 4 pairs of legs attached to
other arthropods head; no wings; no antennae
, Advantages:
-Effective against economically damaging pests
-Can combine 1 or 2 insecticides to combat several pests
-They act quickly to control pests before reaching
damaging levels
-For new pests, there are many compounds that have
been proven effective
Ch.1 List the advantages and
-Effective insecticides, suitable formulations, &
disadvantages of using
application equipment are normally available
insecticides
Disadvantages:
-Often eliminate beneficial insects, allowing target
organisms to rebound quickly
-Repeated exposure can lead to resistance in a pest
population
-Yearly dependence on applications is an added cost
-Always a potential for drift, residues, and damage
-Chew on seeds, roots, leaves, stems, & fruits
-Tunnel in roots, stems, & leaves
Ch.1 List the general kinds of
-Suck plant juices
damage insect pests can
-Promote gall formation and other malformations
cause
-Inject toxins into plants -Transmit diseases to plants
-Create a nuisance for people
-Apply spray to lower 18 inches of stems
Ch.2 Describe how and -Thoroughly wet stem, crown, and exposed roots
when to make a basal-bark -Can make treatments throughout the year as long as
treatment the bark is not wet or when snow or water prevent
spraying to the ground
-Recommended for plants with thick bark or trunk is
greater than 5 inches in diameter.
Ch.2 Describe how and -Thoroughly wet plant so runoff covers barks, crown
when to make an effective buds, exposed roots, root collar, outer portion of cut
cut-stump treatment surface.
-Should be applied to cut surface before exposed plant
tissue dries, within 2-3 hours.
, -Annuals: live less than 12 months; most seeds germinate
the following year, some are dormant taking several
years; prolific seed producers.
--> Summer Annuals: germinate from seed in spring,
flower/produce seeds in summer, die in late
summer/early fall.
Ch. 2 Describe the life --> Winter Annuals: germinate from seed in fall,
cycles and propagation of overwinter as low-growing plants, flower/produce seeds
annual, biennial, and in spring, then die.
perennial plants -Biennials: live for 2 growing seasons; germinate from
seeds in spring or summer and produce a rosette of
leaves, overwinter in rosette stage, flower the following
year, produce seed, and die.
-Perennials: live for at least 2 years, sometimes longer;
may reproduce by seed or spread vegetatively (stolons,
rhizomes, spreading roots, tubers, bulbs)
-Interfere with management practices
-Produce chemical inhibitors that directly retard the
growth of desirable plants (allelopathy)
Ch.2 Describe ways that -Create a poor impression on customers
weeds can pose problems -Interferes with pesticide applications
in turf and landscapes (7) -Support insect pests and plant diseases or provide
cover for rodents
-Are poisonous, allergenic, or irritating to people or pets
-Dry out or die and become fire hazards
-Grasses (Monocots): most common weeds; have a
single seed leaf (cotyledon) when they germinate;
Ch.2 Distinguish grasses narrow leaves with parallel viens
from broadleaf plants and -Broadleaves (Dicots): have 2 seed leaves when they
woody from herbaceous germinate; veins form a net-like or branching pattern;
plants can be broken down into Woody and Herbaceous plants
--> Woody: have thickened outer layer on stems (bark)
--> Herbaceous: lacks bark
