Mendelian genetics, Incomplete dominance, Codominance Exam
Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) - ✔️✔️Austrian monk
father of genetics
research re-discovered after his death
pea plants for his research
traits - ✔️✔️distinguishing characteristics that are inherited
genetics - ✔️✔️study of biological inheritance patterns and variation
why pea plants? - ✔️✔️reproduce quickly, large number of offspring, easy to control how they
mate, traits with only two options
Mendel showed - ✔️✔️traits are inherited as discrete units
histones - ✔️✔️proteins; carry positive charges and bind negatively charged DNA in a specific
conformation
Chromosome pairs - ✔️✔️same gene or genes affecting the same traits at corresponding positions
Allele - ✔️✔️same trait, different chromosome of homologous pair
dominant gene (A) - ✔️✔️characteristic expressed in homozygous plant - AA, characteristic
expressed in heterozygous plant - Aa
recessive gene (a) - ✔️✔️characteristic only expressed if both alleles are recessive - aa
Law of segregation - ✔️✔️During gamete formation, the alleles for each gene segregate from each
other so that each gamete carries only one allele for each gene.
Law of independent assortment - ✔️✔️Genes for different traits can segregate independently
during the formation of gametes.
Law of dominance - ✔️✔️Some alleles are dominant while others are recessive; an organism with
at least one dominant allele will display the effect of the dominant allele.
Incomplete Dominance - ✔️✔️occurs when two or more alleles influence the phenotype and form
an intermediate phenotype
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