PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (PUC)
EXAM III (FLUID &
ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE,
DIABETES TYPE 1 & 2, LIVER
DISEASE, GALLBLADDER
DISEASE, METABOLISM)
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS!!
Evatee 8/13/24 PUC
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY (PUC) EXAM III (FLUID &
ELECTROLYTES, ACID-BASE, DIABETES TYPE 1
& 2, LIVER DISEASE, GALLBLADDER DISEASE,
METABOLISM) QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS!!
A nurse administers an intravenous solution of 0.45% sodium chloride. With
respect to human blood cells, this solution is:
1. Isotonic
2. Isomeric
3. Hypotonic
4. Hypertonic Answer - 3. Hypotonic
Hypotonic solutions are less concentrated than body fluids (< than 0.85g of
NaCl/100 mL)
A client has been vomiting for 24 hours and is experiencing dizziness on arising.
During an assessment in the emergency department, the client's skin is pale
and moist and the blood pressure is 108/70 when the client is supine and
88/60 when the client is standing. The nurse suspects this client has:
1. Hyperkalemia
2. Hypoglycemia
3. Fluid overload
4. Orthostatic hypotension Answer - 4. Orthostatic hypotension
Which assessment data should the nurse anticipate when admitting a client
with an extracellular fluid excess?
The nurse is aware that the body's attempts to compensate for excessive fluid
losses associated with diarrhea are evident in an increased:
1. Hematocrit
2. Temperature
3. Specific gravity
4. Serum potassium Answer - 3. Specific gravity
Specific gravity increased as urine becomes more concentrated but he body's
attempt to conserve water.
The nurse is aware that fluid deficit can most accurately be assessed by:
1. A change in body weight
2. The presence of dry skin
3. A decrease in blood pressure
4. An altered general appearance Answer - 1. A change in body weight
** Remember 1 L fluid = 1 kg/2.2lbs
Two body system that interact with the bicarbonate buffer system to preserve
the normal body fluid pH of 7.4 are the:
1. Skeletal and nervous system
2. Circulatory and urinary system
3. Respiratory and urinary systems
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