MGMT Chapter 8: Labor-Management Relations
-Post Civil War businesses changing
-Moving away from agrarian roots and small businesses
-Big businesses booming
-Immigrants flooding America (majority Europeans)
-Labor unions flourished in Europe - ✔✔Early History
-Socialist Labor Party
-relatively short existence - ✔✔Eugene V. Deb
-In connection with a nationwide May Day strike, about 100,000 workers went on strike
in Chicago.
-Workers rallied at Haymarket Square to protest working conditions and police brutality.
-A bomb exploded and killed dozens of people including many policemen.
-Public opinion turned against the Knights of Labor (who had organized the protests)
and against the labor movement in general because they were seen as violent
%
anarchists.
-Led to the end of the Knights of Labor. - ✔✔Haymarket Square Strike 1886
in Chicago, Pullman cut wages but refused to lower rents in the "company town",
Eugene Debs had American Railway Union refuse to use Pullman cars, Debs thrown in
jail after being sued, strike achieved nothing - ✔✔Pullman Strike
-large number of railroad workers went on strike because of wage cuts (20%) due to
Civil War Depression
-After a month of strikes, President Hayes sent troops to stop the rioting
-The worst railroad violence was in Pittsburgh, with over 40 people killed by militia men
- ✔✔Great Strike of 1877
Labor conflict at the Homestead steel mill near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, culminating in
a battle between strikers and private security agents hired by the factory's
management. - ✔✔Homestead Steel Strike 1892
, STUVIA
-elected in 1886 as president of the American Federation of Labor (AFL) - ✔✔Samuel
Gompers
-focused more on business of winning its members increased wages and benefits
-"Business unionism"
-Not the 'social unionism" of Debs - ✔✔New focus on the AFL
-contracts whereby an employee as a condition of taking a job had to agree not to join
a union or engage in any union organizing activities
-courts upheld the practice pursuant to the doctrine of "freedom of contract" -
✔✔Yellow Dog Contracts
employees that are on an employers "list" and send it out to other employers in order to
prevent that employee from getting hired - ✔✔Blacklist Employees
%
-stock market crash of 1929
-massive unemployment/ 30% of Americans had no job
-Hoover and the republicans blamed for the GD
-employees realized they need unions to have any power - ✔✔Great Depression/
New Deal
-also called "Anti-Injunction Act
-outlawed "yellow dog contracts"
-no longer a free market b/t employers & employees
-made it much more difficult for employers to obtain injunction forcing their striking
workers back to work
-did not directly sanction union nor their activities - ✔✔Norris-La Guardia Act of 1932
-National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)
-specifically legalizes unions after Norris-La Guardia hints it
-Section 7 allows workers to:
-self-organize to form, join, or assist labor orgs
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