NURS 206 EXAM 1 BSN 206 Nightingale College Question and answers correctly solved MODULE 1 - correct answer MODULE 1
what are the 2 defenses against infection - correct answer normal flora
immune response
what is involved in immune response? - correct answer innate immunity
adapt immu...
what are the 2 defenses against infection - correct answer ✔normal flora
immune response
what is involved in immune response? - correct answer ✔innate immunity
adapt immunity
inflammatory response
type of immunity that is long term/ specific/ acquired - correct answer
✔adaptive immunity
-Adaptive immunity is antigen specific and involves active, long-term
Immulogic memory
what are the types of adaptive immunity? - correct answer ✔humoral
cellular
immunologic memory
anti-body mediated
Defense system that involves white blood cells (B lymphocytes) that produce
antibodies in response to antigens or pathogens circulating in the lymph and
blood - correct answer ✔humoral
cell mediated
,Involves defense by white blood cells against microorganisms that the body
does not recognize as its own
-B cells, T lymphocytes, and macrophages - correct answer ✔cellular
what is the first life of defense against infection? - correct answer ✔normal
flora
what is the second line of defense against infection? - correct answer
✔inflammatory response
what type of immunity is short term/ non specific - correct answer ✔innate
immunity
is a local response to cellular injury or infection that includes capillary dilation
and leukocyte infiltration
-produces redness, heat, pain, and swelling - correct answer ✔inflammatory
response
what other body systems help with defense against infection? - correct
answer ✔integumentary
respiratory
gastrointestinal
What is the path for the chain of infection? - correct answer ✔infectious
agent
source/ reservoir
portal of exit
mode of transmission
portal of entry
,susceptible host
what are some different types of infectious agents? - correct answer
✔bacteria
virus
parasite
fungus
what is infection? - correct answer ✔the invasion of a host/ patient by a
microorganism
what needs to happen in order for a microorganism to produce disease? -
correct answer ✔the organism needs to multiply and alter normal tissue
function
risk of infectious agent causing disease depends upon: - correct answer ✔-
the number or organisms
-virulence of organisms
-ability of organism to enter and survive in the host
-susceptibility of the host/ patient
susceptibility of the host depends upon: - correct answer ✔-age
-nutritional status
-presence of chronic disease
-trauma
-smoking
, where the organism survives and multiples and is the holding area - correct
answer ✔source/ reservoir
examples of sources/ reservoirs - correct answer ✔-animal/ insect
-intimate object (hospital equipment or food/water?
-human being (can be symptomatic or asymptomatic- carry disease but no
active sign of disease)
what characteristics promote growth of an organism at the source? - correct
answer ✔-food (undigested)
-O2
-water (moist)
-temperature (cold prevents growth, so warm)
-pH (5.0-7.0)
-light (dark)
after an organism grows and multiplies it needs a way to exit the reservoir and
enter the host, this is called... - correct answer ✔the portal of exit
what are the different portals of exit? - correct answer ✔respiratory tract
GI tract
GU tract
blood
skin/mucous surface
reproductive tratt
transplacental
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