STUVIA 2024/2025
Ch14; Review
Fluids with lower pH have a higher acidity. - ✔✔Which concept is accurate regarding acid base
chemistry in acidosis?
Kidney failure. - ✔✔Which cause is associated with acidosis?
Excessive breakdown of fatty acids. - ✔✔A patient who is admitted with severe diabetic ketoacidosis
has an arterial blood gas result that reveals a pH of 7.21. Which factor is causing the patient's
acidosis?
Overproduction of hydrogen ions. - ✔✔Which mechanism causes acidosis in a patient in diabetic
ketoacidosis?
carbon dioxide - ✔✔Which increased blood arterial level causes a compensatory increase in
respiration rate?
pH 7.49, bicarbonate (HCO 3-) 32 - ✔✔Which arterial blood gas laboratory values would be seen in
metabolic alkalosis?
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metabolic acidosis - ✔✔Deep and rapid breaths consistent with Kussmaul respiration are found in
patients with which type of acid-base imbalance?
hyperkalemia - ✔✔Which electrolyte abnormality would the nurse anticipate when reviewing
laboratory data for a patient admitted with metabolic acidosis?
respiratory acidosis - ✔✔Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse anticipate that a patient with
morbid obesity may develop?
Normal pH on arterial blood gases. - ✔✔When evaluating the laboratory results of a patient with
diabetic ketoacidosis, which laboratory value indicates the body has fully compensated from this
acid-base imbalance?
anxiety - ✔✔Which factor is associated with a cause of respiratory alkalosis?
blood transfusion
nasogastric suctioning
total parental nutrition - ✔✔Which condition places a patient at risk for developing metabolic
alkalosis? (select all that apply)
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, STUVIA 2024/2025
rapid and deep respirations - ✔✔When caring for a patient with kidney failure who has metabolic
acidosis, which symptom would the nurse expect as evidence of the body's compensatory effort?
increased heart rate - ✔✔what cardiovascular change would the nurse expect to find in a patient with
fluid overload?
pH 7.49, bicarbonate (HCO3) 32 - ✔✔which arterial blood gas laboratory values would be seen in
metabolic alkalosis?
it enables a shorter hospital stay - ✔✔the nurse includes which consideration of minimally invasive
surgery when discussing options with a patient who requires treatment of osteoarthritis?
stage 3 - ✔✔during which stage of bone healing does callus form?
moist crackles in the lungs
increased respiratory rate
increased ousle rate - ✔✔which assessment finding is consistent with fluid overload?
obesity - ✔✔the nurse reviews a patients medical record and recognizes which risk factor for
osteoarthritis?
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blood volume & fluid inside the cells - ✔✔which fluid is critical to prevent death?
upper arm and shoulder to observe for dropping shoulder or other abnormal positions. - ✔✔a patient
with a fracture in which location would be examined while in a seated or standing position?
destruction of bacteria and cellular debris - ✔✔what is the function of a monocyte during
inflammation?
calcium, low calcium can cause muscle spasms or charley horses in the thigh, calf or foot while
sleeping. - ✔✔when a patient reports disturbed deep sleep because of frequent cramping in the
calves, which electrolyte would the nurse review in the patients health record?
neurologic changes such as seizures - ✔✔sodium loss can cause
cardiac dysrhythmias - ✔✔potassium and magnesium losses can lead to
fluids and electrolytes are lost from the body in equal amounts - ✔✔which statement describe
isotonic dehydration?
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, STUVIA 2024/2025
fluids are lost in greater quantities than electrolytes - ✔✔hypertonic dehydration
electrolytes are lost in greater quantities than fluids or when fluid and electrolyte losses are replaced
by water - ✔✔hypotonic dehydration
routine x-rays
specialized x-ray
MRI - ✔✔which imaginf assessment would be ordered for a patient with osteoarthritis?
70-year old man with chronic kidney disease - ✔✔which patient would the nurse determine has a
risk for fluid overload?
incomplete - ✔✔which type of fracture does not divide the bone into two portions because the break
is through only part of the bone?
otitis media
appendicitis
viral hepatitis - ✔✔the nurse recalls that which condition is an example of inflammation from
infection?
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fracture of the hip before surgery, most commonly used for fractures of the hip or femur before
surgery, prevention of hip flexion contractures or hip dislocation - ✔✔which type of injury may require
the use of buck extension traction?
kinins
serotonin
histamine - ✔✔which substances are released in the first stage of inflammation?
metabolic acidosis. the rate and depth of breathing increase as the hydrogen ion levels rise, the
breathing pattern becomes deep and rapid and not under voluntary control. - ✔✔deep and rapid
breath consistent with kussmaul respiration are found in patients with which type of acid base
imabalnce?
respiratory insufficiency because of respiratory muscle weakness resulting in shallow respirations. -
✔✔which condition is the major cause of death in patients with hypokalemia?
jugular vein distention
weight gain
hypertension
crackles in the lungs
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