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ANTIDOTES FOR THE USMLE & COMLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024 $14.99   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

ANTIDOTES FOR THE USMLE & COMLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024

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  • COMLEX-USA
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  • COMLEX-USA

ANTIDOTES FOR THE USMLE & COMLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024

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  • August 12, 2024
  • 5
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • COMLEX-USA
  • COMLEX-USA
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ANTIDOTES FOR THE USMLE &
COMLEX QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
acetaminophen (tylenol) - ANSWER *N-acetylcysteine*

MOA = restores glutathione



salicylates (aspirin) - ANSWER *NaHCO3*

MOA = urine alkalinization



if within 1 hour of ingestion → *activated charcoal*

MOA = prevents absorption



*theophylline*



(scenario = COPD patient presents w/ HA, nausea & vomiting, and coarse tremor; labs reveal
hypokalemia & metabolic acidosis; death results from intractable ventricular arrythmia) - ANSWER beta-
bockers (propanolol, esmolol)



*cholinesterase inhibitors*,

*organophosphates (e.g. parathion)*



(scenario = farmer exposed to insecticides) - ANSWER *1st line = atropine*

MOA = blocks ACh receptors



*pralidoxime (2-PAM)*

MOA = regenerates AChE if given early



*sarin gas*

, (scenario = Syrian child exposed to nerve gas during bombing;

or a soldier returning from WW1) - ANSWER *1st line = atropine*

MOA = blocks ACh receptors



*pralidoxime (2-PAM)*

MOA = regenerates AChE if given early



*anticholinergic/antimuscarinic toxicity*



(scenario = jimson weed in California) - ANSWER *physostigmine*

MOA = tertiary amine (can freely cross BBB); reverses CNS anticholinergic effects



*iron*



(scenario = child undergoing repeated transfusions for beta-thalassemia) - ANSWER
*deferoxamine/deferasirox/deferiprone*

MOA = binds trivalent (ferric) iron & increases its renal excretion



*lead*



(scenario = 2 y/o teething child begins chewing on household objects & becomes lethargic + clutches
abdomen; labs reveal ↑ free erythrocyte protoporphyrin level & basophilic stippling on peripheral
smear.) - ANSWER *1st line = succimer*

2nd line = penicillamine

if severe = calcium EDTA + dimercaprol



*carbon monoxide (CO)*



(scenario = found in garage w/ car running; cherry-red appearance) - ANSWER *100% oxygen*

consider Hyperbaric O2

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