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WGU C805 Patho OA Study Guide Latest / (2024/2025);/Questions and Answers
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WGU C805 Patho OA Study Guide Latest / (2024/2025);/Questions and Answers
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WGU C805 Patho OA Study Guide Latest /(2024/2025);/Questions and Answers
Sign of inflammation - ANSWER Redness, warmth to the touch, and pain
Example of an acute disease - ANSWER A middle ear infection
Common cause of cellulitis - ANSWER Staphylococcus
Definition of neoplasm - ANSWER New growth
Non-malignant neoplasm - ANSWER Lipoma
Risk from blistering sunburns at a young age - ANSWER Melanoma
Body response to MRSA infection - ANSWER Includes immune response,
inflammation, abscess formation, systemic response, and treatment
Body response to malaria infection - ANSWER Involves stages like mosquito bite,
liver stage, blood stage, immune response, symptoms, recurrent cycles, severe
malaria, and treatment
Body response to staph infection - ANSWER Includes recognition, inflammation,
white blood cells response, pus formation, fever, and possible complications
Staph Infections - ANSWER Staph infections are typically treated with antibiotics,
with the choice depending on the type of staph bacteria and its antibiotic
susceptibility. Severe cases may require drainage of abscesses or surgical
intervention.
MRSA - ANSWER Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains are
antibiotic-resistant, posing challenges in treatment and requiring timely medical
attention to prevent complications.
Active Immunity - ANSWER Active immunity is the body's long-lasting protection
against a specific disease acquired through exposure to the pathogen, leading to the
production of antibodies and memory cells.
Passive Immunity - ANSWER Passive immunity involves the temporary transfer of
pre-formed antibodies or immune cells from one individual to another, providing
immediate but short-term protection against a specific pathogen.
,Benign Tumors - ANSWER Benign tumors grow slowly, remain localized, do not
invade surrounding tissues, do not metastasize, and are usually not life-threatening.
Malignant Tumors - ANSWER Malignant tumors grow rapidly, invade surrounding
tissues, metastasize to distant organs, and vary in prognosis from curable to life-
threatening based on type and stage.
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - ANSWER Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is a systemic
cancer that can grow rapidly, infiltrate nearby tissues and organs, metastasize to
distant sites, and have varying prognoses.
Metastasis - ANSWER Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the primary
tumor to other parts of the body, involving invasion, dissemination through blood or
lymph, and the formation of secondary tumors.
Near Drowning - ANSWER During near drowning, the body's defense mechanisms
include the gag reflex, coughing, and gasping for breath to clear water from the
airway and increase oxygen intake.
Asphyxiation - ANSWER Asphyxiation triggers a panic response in the body,
leading to gasping, increased heart rate, and attempts to open airways to seek
oxygen and remove obstructions.
Allergies - ANSWER In response to allergens, the body releases histamines and
other chemicals, causing symptoms like sneezing, itching, and increased mucus
production to expel or neutralize allergens.
Gout - ANSWER The primary joint affected in gout is the metatarsophalangeal
joint.
Osteomalacia in Children - ANSWER Osteomalacia in children is known as rickets.
Osteoarthritis Treatment - ANSWER Heat treatment is a therapeutic option for
osteoarthritis.
Abscess Formation - ANSWER The formation of a capsule to wall off and prevent
the spread of a staphylococcal infection is an example of an abscess.
Acne Vulgaris - ANSWER Inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
of the skin is called acne vulgaris.
Herpes Varicella - ANSWER Herpes varicella is also known as chickenpox.
Bone Fractures - ANSWER Types of bone fractures include closed simple,
open/compound, comminuted, impacted, and incomplete partial fractures.
Greenstick fracture - ANSWER A break in which the bone is partially bent and split,
occurring most frequently in children or adults with soft bones.
,Colles fracture - ANSWER A break in the end of the radius causing the wrist to
extend and shorten, often happening when the wrist is extended to break a fall.
Luxation - ANSWER A complete dislocation of a joint where the joint surfaces are
entirely separated.
Subluxation - ANSWER A partial dislocation of a joint where the joint surfaces are
partially separated but maintain some contact.
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation - ANSWER The upper arm bone dislocates forward
from the shoulder socket.
Posterior Shoulder Dislocation - ANSWER The humerus dislocates backward from
the shoulder socket.
Elbow Dislocation - ANSWER The bones of the forearm dislocate from the
humerus bone in the elbow joint.
Finger Dislocation - ANSWER One or more joints in a finger dislocate due to
trauma or injury.
Hip Dislocation - ANSWER The head of the thigh bone comes out of the hip
socket.
Knee Dislocation - ANSWER The bones of the lower leg become displaced from
the thighbone at the knee joint.
Ankle Dislocation - ANSWER The bones of the ankle joint lose their normal
alignment.
Patellar Dislocation - ANSWER The kneecap moves out of its normal position in
the knee joint.
Jaw Dislocation - ANSWER The temporomandibular joint in the jaw becomes
dislocated, causing difficulty in opening or closing the mouth.
Femoral Head Dislocation - ANSWER The head of the femur dislocates from the
hip socket, often seen in hip joint trauma.
Sprain - ANSWER An injury to a ligament, often caused by forcing a joint into an
unnatural position.
Strain - ANSWER An injury to a muscle or tendon, typically resulting from
overstretching or excessive contraction.
Osteomalacia - ANSWER A condition in adults due to a deficiency in vitamin D,
calcium, or phosphate, leading to soft and weak bones.
Osteomyelitis - ANSWER A bacterial infection of the bone, often caused by
Staphylococcus aureus.
, Herniated disk - ANSWER Also known as a slipped or ruptured disk, occurs when
the cushion-like disks between the spinal vertebrae rupture or bulge.
Plantar fasciitis - ANSWER Inflammation of the plantar fascia, causing sharp,
stabbing pain in the heel.
Paget's Disease - ANSWER A chronic condition characterized by abnormal bone
remodeling, leading to enlarged, weakened, and deformed bones.
Lordosis - ANSWER An abnormal inward curvature of the spine, typically in the
lumbar or cervical regions.
Kyphosis - ANSWER An abnormal outward curvature of the spine, often in the
thoracic region, resulting in a rounded or hunched back posture.
Scoliosis - ANSWER An abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, which can take
the form of an 'S' or 'C' shape when viewed from behind.
Osteoporosis - ANSWER A bone disease characterized by decreased bone
density and increased fragility, often due to age-related bone loss.
Osteoarthritis - ANSWER A degenerative joint disease that primarily affects the
joints, leading to the breakdown of cartilage and pain.
Fibromyalgia - ANSWER A chronic pain condition characterized by widespread
musculoskeletal pain and fatigue.
Myasthenia gravis - ANSWER An autoimmune neuromuscular disorder affecting
the transmission of nerve signals to muscles, resulting in weakness and fatigue.
Rheumatoid Arthritis - ANSWER A chronic autoimmune disease targeting the
synovium, causing joint inflammation, pain, and damage.
Acne - ANSWER A skin condition with pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads due
to clogged follicles and excess oil.
Carbuncle - ANSWER A painful skin infection with interconnected boils, often
caused by Staphylococcus bacteria.
Fever Blisters - Herpes - ANSWER Fluid-filled blisters around the mouth caused by
HSV-1, managed with antiviral medications.
Impetigo - ANSWER A contagious bacterial skin infection leading to red sores or
blisters, caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus bacteria.
Herpes Zoster - Shingles - ANSWER Painful rash with blisters caused by varicella-
zoster virus, potentially leading to post-herpetic neuralgia.
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