Deficit-Based Approach - ANSA traditional educational approach, which focuses on
strengthening a student's weak areas
Reading Comprehension - ANSThe ability to read a text and understand its meaning
Reading Intervention - ANSA strategy applied to assist a struggling reader
Independent Reading - ANSReading done by students independent of the teacher. This reading
can be either assigned or student selected. Typically silent
Retell - ANSA comprehension strategy in which students retell or tell differently what they have
read or listened to
Interest Survey - ANSQuestions that ask students the types of books they enjoy reading
Alphabetic Principle - ANSThe understanding that there is a logical/systematic relationship
between the sounds of spoken English and the letters and letter-patterns of written English
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) - ANSA label applied to individuals who have
great difficulty concentrating on what they are doing AND are extremely active, impulsive,
distractible, and excitable
Alphabetic Knowledge - ANSThe ability to recognize, name, and write letters
Genre - ANSVarious forms of text including short stories, essays, folktales, fairy tales, poetry,
historical fiction, biographies and autobiographies, memoirs, comedies and tragedies
Phonological Awareness - ANSThe understanding and ability to hear individual words, syllables,
and sounds in spoken language apart from print
Prosody - ANSThe reader's ability to convey expression, including using correct emphasis,
punctuation, and tone, while reading aloud
Guided Reading - ANSReading done by students with teacher support. This reading will be
done within the framework of a lesson and often in a small group setting with the teacher
Reading Fluency - ANSThe ability to read with appropriate speed, accuracy, and prosody
Dysgraphia - ANSLanguage-based disorder, in which one struggles with the mechanics of
writing resulting in impaired or illegible handwriting
, Speed (when reading) - ANSThe pace at which the reader reads the text
Intrinsically Motivated - ANSStudents draw their motivation from the learning process itself
Syllable Awareness/Syllabication/Syllable Segmentation - ANSThe ability to hear individual
parts/syllables of words
Response to Intervention (RtI) - ANSA process to monitor and measure student progress in the
general education curriculum after instructional intervention is provided
Accuracy (when reading) - ANSThe reader's ability to correctly pronounce words
Instructional Interventions - ANSAdditional focus on a specific skill in an effort to improve it
Flexible Grouping - ANSGrouping students based on their learning needs or interests
Ongoing Assessment - ANSAn assessment that guides the pace and content of instruction
Extrinsic/External Motivation - ANSThe motive for the activity comes from outside the individual
Syntax - ANSRules that govern the construction of words in order to make phrases, clauses,
and sentences
Autonomy - ANSA student's ability to self-govern or self-motivate
Orthography - ANSSpelling patterns of language
Literature Circles - ANSA strategy in which a teacher organizes students into small groups to
discuss a common text
Morphology - ANSThe study of forms of words, including affixes, roots, stems, and parts of
speech
Scaffolding - ANSA method of teaching that involves gradually removing aids when teaching
new concepts
Mentor Text - ANSBooks or other pieces of literature that are revisited throughout the school
year for different purposes in literacy instruction
Competence - ANSA student's desire to perform
Differentiation - ANSTeaching that offers multiple options for learning the material based on
different student needs and learning styles
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