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PSCI 2305 Exam 1 REVIEW UNT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PSCI 2305 Exam 1 REVIEW UNT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PSCI 2305 Exam 1 REVIEW UNTQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Equality of Opportunity - Answer -A widely shared American ideal that all people should
have the freedom to use whatever talents and wealth they have to reach their fullest
potential
Public Opinion - Answer -Citizens' attitudes about political issues, leaders, institutions,
and events. When public opinion has shifted, the shift has occurred fairly steadily in one
direction. Can be limited.
Values - Answer -basic principles that shape a person's opinions about political issues
and events
Attitudes - Answer -A specific preference on a particular issue
Political Ideology - Answer -A cohesive set of beliefs that forms a general philosophy
about the role of government
Liberal - Answer -Those who generally support social and political reform, governmental
intervention in the economy, more economic equality, expansion of federal social
services, and greater concern for consumers and the environment.
Conservative - Answer -Those who generally support the social and economic status
quo and are suspicious of efforts to introduce new political formulas and economic
arrangements; believe that a large and powerful government poses a threat to citizens'
freedom
Libertarian - Answer -Someone who emphasizes freedom and believes in voluntary
association with small government
Socialist - Answer -Someone who generally believes in social ownership, strong
government, free markets, and reducing economic inequality
Political Socialization - Answer -The introduction of individuals into the political culture.
The processes that form political beliefs and values.
Agents of Socialization - Answer -Social institutions. including families and schools, that
help to shape individuals' basic political beliefs and values
,Gender Gap - Answer -A distinctive pattern of voting behavior reflecting the differences
in views between women and men. BUt theres an increase in numbre of women in
office.
Marketplace of Ideas - Answer -The public forum in which beliefs and ideas are
exchanged and compete
Public-opinion polls - Answer -Scientific instruments for measuring public opinion
Sample - Answer -a small group selected by researchers to represent the most
important characteristics of an entire population
Social Desirability Effect - Answer -The effect that results when respondents in a survey
report what they expect the interviewer wishes to hear rather than what they believe
Media - Answer -Print and digital forms of communication, including television,
newspapers, radio, and the internet, intended to convey information to large audiences.
Media Monopolies - Answer -The ownership and control of the media by a few large
corporations
Digital Citizen - Answer -Daily internet user with internet and the technology and literacy
skills to go online for employment, news, politics, entertainment, commerce, and other
activities.
Digital Divide - Answer -The gap in access to the internet among demographic groups
based on education, income, age, geographic location, and race
Niche Journalism - Answer -News reporting devoted to a targeted portion of a
journalism market sector or for a portion of readers based on content or ideological
presentation
Citizen Journalism - Answer -News reported and distributed by citizens, rather than
professional journalists and for-profit news organizations
Agenda Setting - Answer -The power of the media to bring public attention to particular
issues and problems
Selection Bias - Answer -The tendency to focus news coverage on only one aspect of
an event or issue, avoiding coverage of other aspects
Framing - Answer -The power of the media to influence how events and issues are
interpreted
, Priming - Answer -Process of preparing the public to bring specific criteria to mind when
evaluating a politician or issue
Equal Time Rule - Answer -The requirement that broadcasters provide candidates for
the same political office equal opportunities to communicate their messages to the
public
Right of Rebuttal - Answer -a Federal Communications Commission regulation giving
individuals the right to have the opportunity to respond to personal attacks made on a
radio or television broadcast
Traditional Political Participation - Answer -Activities designed to influence government,
including voting and face-to-face activities such as volunteering for a campaign or
working on behalf of a candidate or political organization
Suffrage - Answer -The right to vote
Turnout - Answer -The percentage of eligible individuals who actually vote
Online Digital Political Participation - Answer -Activities designed to influence politics
using the internet. Influences government by using the internet, including mobilizing
supporter through email, visiting candidate websites, and campaigning on social
networking sites, and signing online petitions.
Socioeconomic Status - Answer -Status in society based on level of education, income,
and occupational prestige
Mobilization - Answer -The process by which large numbers of people are organized for
a political activity
Same-Day Registration - Answer -The option in some states to register on the day of
the election, at the polling place, rather than in advance of the election
Permanent Absentee Ballots - Answer -The option in some states to have a ballot sent
automatically to your home for each election, rather than having to request an absentee
ballot each time
liberty - Answer -Freedom from government control
Simple random sample (or probability sample) - Answer -A method used by pollsters to
select a representative sample in which every individual in the population has an equal
probability of being selected as a respondent
random digit dialing - Answer -a polling method in which respondents are selected at
random from a list of 10-digit telephone numbers, with every effort made to avoid bias in
the construction of the sample
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