thermodynamics - answerthe study of the effects of work, thermal energy, and energy
on a system
Thermal energy - answerthe kinetic energy in transit from one object to another due to
temperature difference
temperature - answerthe average kinetic energy of an object
Thermal equilibrium - answeroccurs when objects in contact reach the same
temperature
Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics - answerif two systems are separately found to be in
thermal equilibrium with a third system, then the first two systems are also in equilibrium
with each other
First Law of Thermodynamics - answeraka Law of Conservation of Energy; thermal
energy can be changed and relocated but not created nor destroyed
Second Law of Thermodynamics - answerthe entropy of any isolated system not in
thermal equilibrium almost always increases; thermal energy flows from hot to cold
Third Law of Thermodynamics - answerthe entropy of a system approaches a constant
value as the temperature approaches zero; at zero temperature the system must be in a
state with the minimum thermal energy
entropy - answermeasure of how evenly distributed heat is within a system
conduction - answertransfer of thermal energy between objects in contact with each
other
convection - answertransfer of thermal energy between objects by movement of fluid
radiation - answertransfer of thermal energy between objects without contact but
instead through a type of electromagnetic radiation often called infrared radiation
Stefan's Law - answertotal energy radiated per unit surface area of a black body per unit
time (irradiance, emissivity) is directly proportional to the fourth power of the black
body's absolute temperature
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