Day 11 Question and answers already passed
What is ARP ? - correct answer Address Resolution Protocol, a network layer protocol used to convert an IP address into a physical address (called a DLC or Data Link Control Address) divided into two sub-layers they are, Logical Link Control (LLC) Lay...
Day 1 - Networks, Cables, OSI, and TCP
Models
What is ARP ? - correct answer ✔Address Resolution Protocol, a network
layer protocol used to convert an IP address into a physical address (called a
DLC or Data Link Control Address) divided into two sub-layers they are,
Logical Link Control (LLC) Layer.
Media Access Control (MAC) Layer). A host wishing to obtain a physical
address broadcasts an ARP request onto the TCP/IP network.
Proxy ARP - correct answer ✔Proxy ARP enables hosts on an Ethernet
network to communicate with hosts on other subnets or networks
If an ARP Broadcast reaches a router, it will not forward it (by default).
Routers do not forward Broadcasts, but if they do know how to find the host
(i.e., they have a route to it), they will send their own MAC address to the host.
This process is called proxy ARP and it allows the host to send the data
thinking it is going straight to the remote host. The router swaps the MAC
address and then forwards the packet to the correct next hop.
Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP) - correct answer ✔RARP
maps a MAC address to an IP address. Hosts such as diskless workstations
(also known as thin clients) know their MAC address when they boot. They
use RARP to discover their IP address from a server on the network.
Gratuitous Address Resolution Protocol (GARP) - correct answer ✔A normal
host will always send out a GARP request after the link goes up or the
interface is enabled. Gratuitous in this case means a request/ reply that is not
normally needed according to the ARP RFC specification but could be used in
some cases.GARP reply is one to which no request has been made (if you
see a GARP reply, that means another computer on the network has the
same IP address as you have).
,Internet Protocol (IP) - correct answer ✔IP operates at the Network Layer of
the OSI model. It is connectionless and is responsible for transporting data
over the network. IP addressing is a function of Internet Protocol. IP examines
the Network Layer address of every packet and determines the best path for
that packet to take to reach its destination.
Several notations represent the response of ping packets - correct answer
✔▪ ! - One exclamation mark per response
▪ . - One period for each timeout
▪ U - Destination unreachable message
▪ N - Network unreachable message
▪ P - Protocol unreachable message
▪ Q - Source quench message
▪ M - Could not fragment
▪ ? - Unknown packet type
Traceroute - correct answer ✔Traceroute is a very widely used facility which
can test network connectivity and is a handy tool for measurement and
management. Traceroute follows the destination IP packets by sending UDP
packets with a small maximum TTL field, and then listens for an ICMP time-
exceeded response. As the Traceroute packet progresses, the records are
displayed hop by hop. Each hop is measured three times. An asterisk [*]
indicates that a hop has exceeded its time limit.
Common UDP port numbers - correct answer ✔DNS - port 53
TFTP - port 69
SNMP - port 161/ 162
TCP - correct answer ✔TCP is one of the main protocols in TCP/IP
networks. Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets, TCP enables two
, hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data. TCP
guarantees delivery of data and also guarantees that packets will be delivered
in the same order in which they were sent.Three-way handshake, windowing,
User Datagram Protocol (UDP) - correct answer ✔operates at the Transport
Layer of the OSI model. It transports information between network devices
but, unlike TCP, no connection is established first. UDP is connectionless,
gives best-effort delivery, and gives no guarantee that the data will reach its
destination. UDP is much like sending a letter with no return address. You
know it was sent, but you never know if the letter got there.
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) - correct answer ✔FTP operates at the
Application Layer and is responsible for reliably transporting data across a
remote link. Because it has to be reliable, FTP uses TCP for data transfer.
FTP uses ports 20 and 21.
What is DNS - correct answer ✔The Domain Name System (DNS) is a
hierarchical distributed naming system for computers, services, or any
resource connected to the Internet or a private network. It translates domain
names, which can be easily memorized by humans, to the numerical IP
addresses needed for the purpose of computer services and devices
worldwide.
What is SNMP - correct answer ✔Simple Network Management Protocol
(SNMP) is a popular protocol for network management. It is used for collecting
information from, and configuring, network devices, such as servers, printers,
hubs, switches, and routers on an Internet Protocol (IP) network.
What is Telnet - correct answer ✔Telnet uses TCP (port 23) to allow a
remote connection to network devices. Telnet is the only utility that can check
all seven layers of the OSI model, so if you Telnet to an address, then all
seven layers are working properly. If you can't Telnet to another device, it
doesn't necessarily indicate a network problem. There could be a firewall or
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