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Microbiology Exam 1 Question and answers verified to pass
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  • Microbiology
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Microbiology Exam 1 Question and answers verified to pass Microbiology - correct answer Specialized area of biology that deals with organisms ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification. Microorganisms - correct answer A living thing ordinarily too small to be seen without magnif...

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  • August 11, 2024
  • 35
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • Microbiology
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Microbiology Exam 1 (Chapters 1, 3-5)
Microbiology - correct answer ✔Specialized area of biology that deals with
organisms ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification.


Microorganisms - correct answer ✔A living thing ordinarily too small to be
seen without magnification.


Classification - correct answer ✔Orderly arrangement of organisms into
groups.


Nomenclature - correct answer ✔System of assigning names.


Binomial nomenclature - correct answer ✔Two-name system of naming
organisms (Latin, Greek). Two names: Genus, species. It's always underlined
or italicized. Genus first letter always capitalized, species not capitalized.
Once it's been mentioned, the genus name can be shortened.


Acellular organisms - correct answer ✔Viruses. Exist without a cellular
structure.


Cellular organisms - correct answer ✔Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.


Prokaryotes - correct answer ✔Organisms whose genetic material is not
enclosed in membrane and lack specific organelles including a nucleus
(bacteria).


Eukaryotes - correct answer ✔Organisms whose genetic material is
enclosed in nucleus (fungi, protozoa, algae).

,Prokaryotes versus Eukaryotes - correct answer ✔Prokaryotic cells are
smaller than eukaryotic cells, and in addition to lacking a nucleus, they lack
other complex internal compartments called organelles. All prokaryotes are
microorganisms while only some eukaryotes are microorganisms (including
algae, protozoa, molds and yeasts- and even anthropods).


Binary fission - correct answer ✔The way bacteria reproduce. Splitting of a
parent cell into two equal parts.


Mycology - correct answer ✔The study of fungi.


Phycology - correct answer ✔The study of simple photosynthetic eukaryotes
(algae) ranging from single celled forms to large seaweeds.


Pathogen - correct answer ✔Disease causing agents.


Genetic engineering - correct answer ✔Manipulates the genetics of
microbes, plants, and animals for the purpose of creating new products and
genetically modified organisms.


Recombinant DNA - correct answer ✔Switch DNA from one organism to
another to design new organisms.


Lactic acid bacteria - correct answer ✔Dairy products, yogurt and cheese.


Curds - correct answer ✔Solid chunks of day old milk, (fats and proteins etc.
used in cheese) and whey (mostly water). A gallon of milk yields only about
1.25 pounds of cheese (weight lost is water).

,Whey - correct answer ✔Liquid part of day old milk, mostly water.


Rennin - correct answer ✔Turn caseinogens to casein.


Curdling - correct answer ✔Products cause milk to separate into curds (the
milk solids, fats, proteins, etc.


Scientific method - correct answer ✔Approach taken by scientists to explain
a certain natural phenomenon.


Hypothesis - correct answer ✔A tentative explanation or statement to
account for what is observed or measured.


Theory - correct answer ✔Hypothesis backed by growing data.


Spontaneous generation - correct answer ✔Life can rise from nonliving
material.


Cell theory - correct answer ✔All things are made of cells.


Biogenesis - correct answer ✔the production of living organisms from other
living organisms


Fermentation - correct answer ✔Organisms convert sugar into alcohol or
acid (vinegar). Using bacterial/fungal enzymes, convert food substrate from
one form to another. Aid in slow food spoilage. Foods use it for flavor and
other properties. Fermentation products include Lactic acid, acetic acid, yeast,
etc.

, Pasteurization - correct answer ✔To kill organisms by heat, some spoiling
agents still stay.


Germ theory of disease - correct answer ✔Theory that microbes can invade
other organisms and cause diseases.


Koch's postulates - correct answer ✔Set of procedures to determine if a
microbe causes a certain disease. Verified the germ theory of disease.


Aseptic technique - correct answer ✔Aimed at reducing microbes in a
medical setting and preventing wound infections. Lister proposed the idea of
aspetic techniques and the importance of hand washing and equipment
sterilization.


Chemotherapy - correct answer ✔Treatment of disease by the use of
chemical substances. Now problem with drug resistance.


Synthetic drugs - correct answer ✔Chemical substances made in a lab.


Antibiotics - correct answer ✔Chemical substance made by microbes.


General sizes of macroscopic organisms? - correct answer ✔1 mm


Size of Microscopic organisms? - correct answer ✔1 um to 100 um


Size of Viruses? - correct answer ✔10 nm to 100 nm

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