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Exam (elaborations)

GMS 6630 Block 1 Exam Answered & Graded

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mesothelium - Correct Answer epithelium that lines body cavities and covers internal organs endothelium - Correct Answer epithelium that lines the vascular and lymphatic systems endocardium - Correct Answer epithelium that lines the inside of the heart characteristics of epithelium - Co...

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  • August 11, 2024
  • 27
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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  • Microscopy
  • Microscopy
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GMS 6630 Block 1 Exam Answered & Graded
mesothelium - Correct Answer epithelium that lines body cavities and covers internal organs



endothelium - Correct Answer epithelium that lines the vascular and lymphatic systems



endocardium - Correct Answer epithelium that lines the inside of the heart



characteristics of epithelium - Correct Answer 1) cell junctions

2) polarity

3) basal lamina / basement membrane

4) avascular



forms of epithelium - Correct Answer - covers the body surfaces (forms barrier) --> interior and exterior

- forms the secretory tissue of glands and ducts

- specialized tissue functions as receptors for special senses



epithelium - Correct Answer tightly bound contiguous cells forming sheets of tissue covering body
surfaces, forming a barrier



apical layer - Correct Answer most superficial layer of cells --> faces the lumen (ie., inside of the cavity /
organ)



basal layer - Correct Answer deepest layer of epithelium, facing the basement membrane



basement membrane - Correct Answer (aka basal lamina); structural attachment site for epithelial-
based domain which is composed of extracellular matrix molecules --> product of epithelial cells



squamous - Correct Answer flat cells --> simple or stratified

,columnar - Correct Answer long / tall cells --> simple, stratified, psuedostratified



cuboidal - Correct Answer cube-shaped cells --> simple, stratified, transitional



keratinized epithelium - Correct Answer surface layer of dead cells --> no nuclei



pseudostratified columnar - Correct Answer epithelium where some cells do not reach the apical
surface; appears to be more than one layer, but all cells sit at the basal membrane --> ex., respiratory
system



transitional cuboidal - Correct Answer epithelium where cells start to change in shape to mark a
transition --> ex., urothelium lining of lower urinary tract



determinant factors of epithelium type - Correct Answer - apical layer of cells

- number of cellular layers



epithelioid tissue - Correct Answer epithelial tissue characterized by the absense of an apical free
surface --> ex., endocrine glands (adrenal glands, anterior pituitary, islets of Langerhans);
epithelioreticular cells (in thymus); epithelium derived tumors (epithelial ovarian carcinoma)



components of basement membrane - Correct Answer extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules:

- laminins

- collagen type IV

- proteoglycans

- glycoproteins



epithelial cells; connective tissue - Correct Answer the basal domain of _____ rests on top of the
basement membrane, while the reticular fibers of _____ lie beneath the basement membrane



mucosa - Correct Answer surface epithelium + basement membrane + lamina propria (loose CT) +
smooth muscle (sometimes) ==> lines interior of body tubes, namely the digestive, respiratory, and
genitourinary tracts

, serosa - Correct Answer epithelium (mesothelium) + basement membrane + conncetive tissue ==> lines
body cavities, namely the peritoneal, pericardial, and pleural cavities



simple squamous - Correct Answer mesothelium (lines cavity surfaces and internal organs) and
endothelium (lines circulatory system) are both examples of ____ epithelium



epidermis - Correct Answer keratinized stratified squamous epithelium --> grows continuously, but
maintains its normal thickness due to desquamination



location and function of simple cuboidal epithelium - Correct Answer - small ducts of exocrine glands
(eg., pancreas) --> absorption, conduit

- surface of ovary "germinal epithelium" --> barrier

- kidney tubules and thyroid follicles --> absorption and secretion



stratified cuboidal - Correct Answer characterized by multiple layers of cuboidal cells --> ex., large ducts
of exocrine glands



simple columnar epithelium - Correct Answer - found in many organ systems (digestive, reproductive)

- serves a sensory function (found in cornea of eye, inner ear, nose, and in the mouth and cheek)

- cilitated or non-ciliated



functions of simple columnar epithelium - Correct Answer - sensory

- secretion

- absorption and transportation of nutrients

- impermeable barrier (against ingested bacteria) --> permeable to necessary ions



goblet cells - Correct Answer cells that secrete mucus, which coats and protects the surrounding surface
from damage --> viewed as large, clear circles

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