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PHIL 3000 MIDTERM Questions With Complete Solutions
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PHIL 3000 MIDTERM Questions With Complete Solutions
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PHIL 3000 MIDTERM Questions With Complete Solutionswhat is the trolley problem asking? Correct Answers refers to
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the conflict between our intuitions about whether it is okay to
sacrifice one to save five
Deontological Ethics Correct Answers one's duty to ACT
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- defines actions as right or wrong
- The idea that actions are right and wrong in themselves
independently of any consequences
- a system of decision-making that focuses on the moral
principles of duty and rules
Deontology (Kant) Correct Answers Our duty is to obey the
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categorical imperative
(universal respect)
- duty is the foundation of morality
- study of duty & obligation
Utilitarianism Correct Answers the idea that the goal of society
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should be to bring about the greatest happiness for the greatest
number of people
- the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the
benefit of a majority.
- The theory, proposed by Jeremy Bentham in the late 1700s,
that government actions are useful only if they promote the
greatest good for the greatest number of people.
- a type of consequentialism
, Consequentialism Correct Answers the outcomes of our
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actions determine whether our decisions are ethical; happiness
should be maximized
- the doctrine that the morality of an action is to be judged solely
by its consequences.
which ethical theories make which decision in the trolley
problem experiment? Correct Answers deontologists don't pull
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the lever.
utilitarians do pull the lever.
what are the three types of goods? Correct Answers 1. good in
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and of itself
2. good in itself and its consequences
3. good for its consequences
what is an example of a good in and of itself? Correct Answers
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pleasure and unconditional love
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what is an example of a good in itself and its consequences?
Correct Answers reading and knowledge
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what is an example of a good for its consequences Correct HH
Answers medical work
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where do most people think justice resides within the three types
of goods? Correct Answers good for its consequences
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what is "aristotle's principle"? Correct Answers if you value X
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for the sake of Y, what you really value is Y
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