NUR2058 Dimensions of Nursing FINAL Study Guide-Questions with
Correct Answers/ Verified/ Latest Update 2024/2025
Evidence Based Practice - ✔️✔️is the practice of nursing in which interventions are based on data
from research that demonstrates that they are appropriate and successful.
Referent Power - ✔️✔️dependent on establishing and maintaining a close personal relationship
with someone, either client or colleague.
Expert Power - ✔️✔️derives from the amount of knowledge, skill, or expertise that an individual or
group has
Reward Power - ✔️✔️depends on the ability of one person to grant another some type of reward
for specific behaviors or changes in behavior
Coercive Power - ✔️✔️the ability to reprimand, withhold rewards, and threaten punishment.
Legitimate Power - ✔️✔️depends on a legislative or legal act that gives the individual or
organization a right to make decisions that they might not otherwise have the authority to make
Collective Power - ✔️✔️often used in a broader context than individual client care and is the
underlying source for many other sources of power
Hippocrates - ✔️✔️Beliefs focused on harmony with the natural law instead of on appeasing the
gods. He emphasized treating the whole client, mind, body, spirit, and environment and making
diagnoses on the basis of symptoms rather than on an isolated idea of a disease. He was also
concerned with ethical standards for physicians, expressed in the now-famous Hippocratic Oath.
Hippocratic Oath - ✔️✔️One of the oldest binding documents in history, and is still held sacred by
physicians: to treat the ill to the best of one's ability, to preserve a patient's privacy, to teach the
secrets of medicine to the next generation, and so on.
Florence Nightingale - ✔️✔️the founder of modern nursing, in 1851, she attended a 3-month
nurses' training program at the church-run hospital in Kaiserswerth, Germany. Took a group of 37
volunteer nurses into the battlefield area, in the Crimean War, and after 6 months of the nurses
help, mortality rate dropped from 42 percent to 2 percent. Nightingale supervised 125 nurses in
,several large hospitals, and advocated a program of at least 1 year that included basic biological
science, techniques to improve nursing care, and supervised practice.
Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery - ✔️✔️Opened in 1860 and began to train
nurses, advocated health maintenance and the concept that nursing was both an art and a science,
and taught that each person should be treated as an individual and that nurses should meet the
needs of clients, not the demands of physicians. Many early graduates went on to become important
nursing leaders, and Nightingale's ideas resurfaced and are now evaluated in the light of a rapidly
changing health-care system.
Isabel Adams Hampton Robb - ✔️✔️her conviction that nurses needed a solid theoretical
education, she dedicated her life to raising the standards of nursing education in the United States,
and was the first as director of the Illinois Training School for Nurses, headed the new Johns Hopkins
Training School for Nurses.
Isabel Adams Hampton Robb Facts - ✔️✔️Formed the American Society of Superintendents of
Training Schools for Nurses and served as chairwoman. In 1896, she became the first president of a
group called the Nurses Associated Alumnae of the United States and Canada, which would later
become the American Nurses Association (ANA). Robb helped develop the still the official journal
called the American Journal of Nursing, the first professional journal for nursing.
Lillian Wald - ✔️✔️Opened a storefront health clinic called the Henry Street Settlement in New
York. Wald became a dedicated social reformer, an efficient fundraiser, and an eloquent speaker,
and advocated wellness education. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company saw value in her beliefs
and asked her to organize its nursing branch, and she founded the American Red Cross's Town and
Country Nursing Service.
Lillian Wald Facts - ✔️✔️She founded and became the first president of the National Organization
for Public Health Nursing, was the first to place nurses in public schools, and current proposals for
health-care reform often include her ideas about public health nursing, independent clinics, and
health maintenance.
Lavinia Lloyd Dock - ✔️✔️wrote the first medication textbook for nurses, and was a lobbyist for
equal rights for women
Annie Goodrich - ✔️✔️appointed as state inspector of nursing schools, many writings about nursing
education and her experiences with military nursing have been a great contribution to the nursing
profession
,Loretta C. Ford - ✔️✔️Credited with founding nurse practitioner practice, she served as director at
the Boulder County Health Department from 1956 to 1958, and was appointed assistant professor at
the University of Colorado College of Nursing in Denver. Ford became the founding dean of the
University of Rochester School of Nursing and director of the Nursing Service at the University
Hospital in 1972
Loretta C. Ford Facts - ✔️✔️Awarded the Blackwell Award (named for the first female doctor in
America) from Hobart and William Smith Colleges, which is given to a woman whose life exemplifies
outstanding service to humanity. Ford was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in
2011, and still consults and lectures at the University of Rochester School of Nursing.
Lamp - ✔️✔️A device that provides a continuous source of light for an extended period of time, a
symbol of learning, signs of caring, comfort, and often the difference between life and death. and a
symbol of the ideals and selfless devotion of Florence Nightingale.
Nursing Pin - ✔️✔️A white Maltese cross on chains around their necks, and those wearing this cross
became known for their skills in treating the injured and healing the wounded. First modern nursing
pin is attributed to Florence Nightingale, a sign of their legal authority as licensed professionals, and
was evidence of their successful completion of the nursing program.
Nursing Cap - ✔️✔️Much of history, women were required to keep their heads covered with some
type of garment, a white cap that signified "service to others", for women to keep their heads
covered; it kept the nurse's long hair, which was fashionable during the Victorian era, up and off her
face; and it kept the hair from becoming soiled. The first standardized nursing cap is generally
attributed to graduates of Bellevue Training School in New York City around 1874.
Nursing Cap Facts - ✔️✔️As the number of nursing schools increased, each nursing school designed
its own cap. Capping indicated that the student was now off probation and that she had earned the
right to wear the cap during clinical rotations in the hospital, first-year students wore plain white
caps, second-year students had a vertical black band added to the edge of the cap, and third-year
students were given a second vertical black band.
Model - ✔️✔️Hypothetical representation of something that exists in reality. The purpose of a
model is to attempt to explain a complex reality in a systematic and organized manner.
Theory - ✔️✔️Set of interrelated constructs, concepts, definitions, or propositions that presents a
systematic view of phenomena by specifying relations among variables with the purpose of
explaining and predicting phenomena.
, Concept of Client - ✔️✔️(or patient) is central to all nursing models because it is the client who is
the primary recipient of nursing care
Concept of Health - ✔️✔️a continuum, ranging from a completely healthy state is which there is no
disease to a completely unhealthy state which results in death
Concept of Environment - ✔️✔️elements such as living conditions, public sanitation, and air and
water quality, and factors such as interpersonal relationships and social interactions are also
included.
Concept of Nursing - ✔️✔️delineates the function and role of nurses in their relationships with
clients that affect the client's health
System - ✔️✔️a set of interacting parts
Open Systems - ✔️✔️are those in which relatively free movement of information, matter, and
energy into and out of the system exists
Closed System - ✔️✔️prevents any movement into and out of the system. In this case, the system
would be totally static and unchanging
Input - ✔️✔️any type of information, energy, or material that enters the system from the
environment through its boundaries
Output - ✔️✔️any information, energy, or material that leaves the system and enters the
environment through the system's boundaries
Throughput - ✔️✔️a process that allows the input to be changed so that it is useful to the system
Roy Adaptation Model: Focus: - ✔️✔️To allow the client to reach his or her highest level of
functioning through adaptation.
Roy Adaptation Model: Theorist: - ✔️✔️Sister Callista Roy
