vmb101 Exam Test Questions with 100% correct answers |Verified |Rated A+
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Course
Vmb101
Institution
Vmb101
Strength - ANSWER-to the concentration of the active ingredient.
Dose - ANSWER-the amount of a drug and toxic and given at one time.
Dosage - ANSWER-Quantity of drug per unit of time
- This term has info on the strength, frequency and the form of doses.
Pharmacokinetics - ANSWER-what the body d...
ED50 - ANSWER-Effective dose that produce effect in 50% of the population
LD50 - ANSWER-Lethal dose at which 50 % population die in an experimental study
TI - ANSWER-expression of relative safety of the drug
TI calculation and range - ANSWER-LD50/ED50
large TI = safe
,small TI = dangerous
bid - ANSWER-twice a day
tid - ANSWER-three times a day
qid - ANSWER-four times a day
prn - ANSWER-as needed on occasion
qs - ANSWER-sufficient quantity
q4h - ANSWER-every 4 hours
q6h - ANSWER-every 6 hours
q24h/q1d - ANSWER-every 24 hrs/everyday
q1w - ANSWER-every week
gtt - ANSWER-a drop
lipid solubility - ANSWER-defined as the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in fats, oils, lipids,
and non-polar solvents.
water solubility - ANSWER-the ability of a chemical compound to dissolve in water, which is a polar
solvent.
- highly water soluble compounds are hydrophilic and lipophobic.
, Partition coefficient - ANSWER-- describes the distribution of a chemical between water and an organic
solvent (octanol) at equilibrium
- Aka logP
Octanol-water partition - ANSWER-- Can be determined experimentally by adding the compound to
known volumes of water and octanol and measuring the concentration of the chemical in the octanol
versus the water once equilibrium has been reached.
- The partition coefficient is then calculated as the conc. of solute in octanol / conc of solute in water.
partition coefficient/log P equation - ANSWER-the base 10 log of the partition coefficient
LogP > 0 - ANSWER-o If it is more soluble in octanol and less than water
logP < 0 - ANSWER-o If it is more soluble in water and less lipid soluble
log P = 0 - ANSWER-chemical distribution is the same in water and octanol
logP > 3 - ANSWER-it is very lipophilic or hydrophobic (high fat soluble) and will likely accumulate
disproportionately in lipid environments such as body fat.
2 main factors that determine the lipid & water solubility of a chemical compound - ANSWER-1.
Ionizable groups - functional group that are charged.
- All acids and bases
- ionization state depend on pKa and the pH of the solution
2. Solution pH - measure acidity of a solution.
- logarithmic scale that show the conc of H+ in a solution.
Ionization state - ANSWER-ionization state of a chemical compound depends on whether it is an acid or
a base, functional group's pKa, and the pH of the solution.
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