CEcD - Technology
Define "technology process" - ANSWER-Streamlines an operation or a function
Define "technology product" - ANSWER-Can be a new piece of machinery or material with advanced
capabilities, used to perform a new function or improve upon an old one to improve quality or
performance
Define Aerospace Technology - ANSWER-The development of technologies such as aircraft, aircraft
engines, flight simulators, & automatic pilots
Define Biotechnology - ANSWER-Covers the medical and industrial application of advanced genetic
research to the creation of new drugs, hormones, and other therapeutic items for agriculture and
human uses.
Mainstream strategy for attraction has been formation of industry clusters. Viewed as "next big
opportunity" for ED
Define Center of Excellence - ANSWER-incubators associated with a particular technology & funded thru
university/govt contracts & innovation centers that help entrepreneurs develop more efficient uses of
existing technologies
Define Computer Integrated Manufacturing Technology - ANSWER-The development of products for
industrial automation (robots, machine tools, guided vehicles) that allow greater flexibility in
manufacturing processes, reducing amount of human intervention
Define Computers & Telecommunications - ANSWER-The development of products that process
increasing volumes of information in shorter periods of time
Define Electronics - ANSWER-The development of electronic components (integrated circuits, multi-
layer printed circuit boards) & surface-mounted components (capacitors & resistors) resulting in
improved performance & capacity & reduced size
Define Life Science Technologies - ANSWER-The application of non-biological scientific advances to
medical sciences such as medical technology & production techniques
Define Material Design - ANSWER-The development of materials that enhance the application of other
advanced technologies (semiconductor materials, optical fiber cable & videodiscs)
Define Nuclear Technology - ANSWER-The development of non-medical nuclear power production
apparatus (reactors, isotopic separation equipment, fuel cartriges)
Define Optoelectronics - ANSWER-The development of elecctronic products & components that involve
the emission or detection of light (optical scanners, optical disc players, solar cells, photosensitive
semiconductors, & laser printers)
Emerging area of interest in many world economies
Define technology commercialization - ANSWER-to place new products or processes in the marketplace
thru existing companies or thru new companies built around a particular technology
, CEcD - Technology
Define technology deployment - ANSWER-to place new or "off the shelf" technologies in existing
businesses, particularly non-tech businesses, to improve their competitiveness or to enable the to
produce new product lines or provide new services
Define Weapons Technology - ANSWER-Develops technologies with military applications (guided
missiles, boms, torpedoes, mines, missile & rocket launchers, firearms)
Describe a typical business incubator - ANSWER-multi-tenant buildings developed to help grow new
businesses by providing them with inexpensive space, common business services, business advisory
services and/or technical assistance. Primary purpose is to reduce risks to start-ups by reducing start up
costs. Recommended at least 40,000 sf.
Describe industrial extension and manufacturing modernization programs - ANSWER-advise companies
on how to obtain & use existing technology, help firms analyze their needs, negotiate to purchase of
new equipment or knowledge, & assist with retraining
Describe Research and Science Parks - ANSWER-specialized real estate developments clustering
technology companies & their service providers in an integrated development. Prime purpose is to
cluster tech companies to collapse the time frame of commercialization by providing an environment in
which technology can be more readily developed and brought to the marketplace
Describe the 2 innovation drivers - ANSWER-1-technology push: invention not in direct response to
expressed market demand
2-technology pull: invention attempts to fulfill an unmet need in an existing market
Describe the 2 main financing strategies - ANSWER-1-issuing equity- longer-term financing; quick, large
cash infusion; doesn't have to be repaid in short-term; relinquish share of business & control
2-assuming debt- retain ownership; difficult to obtain; costly; short-term
Discuss the Bayh-Dole Act of 1980 - ANSWER-allowed govt grantees & contractors to keep title to
federally funded inventions & encouraged universities to pursue partnerships with industry on
technology with potential commercial application
Explain high-tech assembly companies - ANSWER-Simialr to traditional manufacturing firms. Focus on
the manufacture of tangible products. Tend to seek lower labor costs, utility costs, and less-skilled labor.
Have highly developed supply chains & production processes optimized by complex applications
Explain skill intensive companies - ANSWER-Knowledge-based businesses that focus on the creation
and/or effective implementation of technologies. Tend to seek highly skilled workforce, high-speed data
networks, & access to transportation networks
How are technology firms commonly identified? - ANSWER--Percentage of R&D funding or rate of new
discoveries and innovations
-NAICS code listings in the Directory of Technology Companies published by Corporate Technology
Information Services
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