Exam (elaborations)
C949 Data Structures and Algorithms Questions and Answers 2024
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C949 Data Structures and Algorithms
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C949 Data Structures and AlgorithmsRecord - answerData structure that stores subitems, w/ names associated w/ each
subitem
Array - answerData structure that stores an ordered list of items, w/ each item directly
accessible by a positional index.
Linked List - answerData structure that stores an ordered list as nodes, each node
stores data and has a pointer to the next node.
Binary Tree - answerData structure where each node stores data and has up to two
children, left child and right child.
Hash Table - answerData structure that stores unordered items by mapping each item
to a location in an array.
Max Heap - answerTree that maintains the simple property that a node's key is greater
than or equal to a node's children key.
Min Heap - answerA tree that maintains simple property that node's key is less than or
equal to the node's children key.
Graph - answerRepresents connections among items. Consists of vertices and edges.
Vertex represents an item on a graph. Edges represent a connection between two
vertices.
Abstract Data Type (ADT) - answerData type described by predefined user operations.
Does not say anything about the implementation.
List - answerCommon ADT for holding ordered data.Like an array. Can store ints,
strings.
Ex. nums = [5, 25, 30]
Queue - answerADT where items are inserted at the end of the queue and removed at
the front of the queue. First in first out ADT.
push - inserts items at the end of the queue
pop - removes and returns the item at the front of the queue.
Dictionary - answerMaps keys to values. Uses {}. The value can be number,string, or
tuple. Can be any type.
ex. players = {
, 'Lionel Messi': 10,
'Christiano Ronaldo': 7
}
If else statement - answerBranching directs programs to execute either one group of
statements or another.
ex.
if expression:
# Statements to execute when expression is true
else:
# Statements to execute when expression is false
# Statements here execute after the if-else.
Multiple if else statements - answerelif used when two or more branches.
if age <= 15:
print('Too young for car insurance.')
price = 0
elif age <= 24:
price = age_16_to_24
elif age <= 39:
price = age_25_to_39
else:
price = age_40_up
Boolean Operators - answerIn python must True / False must be capitalized.
Has 3 operators: and / or / not
(age > 16) and (age < 25)
(age > 16) or (days > 10)
not (days > 10)
Membership Operators - answernot , in
Cannot check for values but can check for keys.
ex.
my_dict = {'A': 1, 'B': 2, 'C': 3}
if 'B' in my_dict:
print("Found 'B'")
else:
print("'B' not found")
# Membership operator does not check values
if 3 in my_dict:
print('Found 3')
else:
print('3 not found')
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