PCAT CH8 cellular biology Exam Test Questions with 100% correct answers |Verified |Rated A+
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Course
PCAT CH8 cellular biology
Institution
PCAT CH8 Cellular Biology
Is this significance in Meiosis? Explain
I. Enhances genetic variation
II. Maintains ploidy in sexually reproducing organisms
III. Allows for the potential repair of damaged DNA - ANSWER-I. Genetic variation is enhanced through
the process of recombination and the separation of homologous chrom...
PCAT CH8 cellular biology Exam Test Questions
with 100% correct answers |Verified |Rated
A+
Is this significance in Meiosis? Explain
I. Enhances genetic variation
II. Maintains ploidy in sexually reproducing organisms
III. Allows for the potential repair of damaged DNA - ANSWER-I. Genetic variation is enhanced through
the process of recombination and the separation of homologous chromosomes.
II. Maintenance of ploidy in sexually reproducing organisms is achieved because gametes contain exactly
half the number of chromosomes present in the mature organism. During fertilization, a gamete from a
male and a gamete from a female combine and the result is a cell of normal ploidy.
III. Meiosis also allows the cell an opportunity to repair damaged DNA via recombination between
homologous chromosomes.
- ANSWER-
Chromosomes are important participants in both meiosis and mitosis. Which of the following is false of
meiosis?
Possible Answers:
It generates haploid cells, while mitosis generates diploid cells
Crossing over happens more frequently than in mitosis
,Meiosis forms tetrads before its first division
Meiosis is limited to germ cells
It undergoes a reduction division during its second division - ANSWER-It undergoes a reduction division
during its second division
This is a tricky question because all of the choices are correct, except for one minor part. Meiosis cells
undergo a reduction division in the first division. That means that after the first meiotic division, the
diploid germ cell has become a haploid.
Which of the following would occur in humans if meiosis produced diploid gametes?
Possible Answers:
The number of chromosomes in subsequent generations would be 92
The number of chromosomes in subsequent generations would increase exponentially
The number of chromosomes in subsequent generations would be 23
The number of chromosomes in subsequent generations would decrease exponentially - ANSWER-The
number of chromosomes in subsequent generations would increase exponentially
If meiosis were to produce diploid gametes, then the diploid gametes would combine to form an
organism that contains twice as many chromosomes as the parent. For example, a diploid sperm and
egg (containing 46 chromosomes each) would create an organism with 92 chromosomes. This new
organism would produce another organism with 184 chromosomes (double 92). The subsequent
generations would have twice as many chromosomes as the previous generation, and the amount of
chromosomes would increase exponentially.
Something goes wrong during meiosis in a male and the four daughter sperm cells that are produced all
have the wrong amount of chromosomes. Two of the sperm have one extra chromosome and the other
two have one missing chromosome. At what step did the problem most likely occur, and what was it?
, Possible Answers:
Prophase I—trisomy
Telophase II—translocation
Anaphase I—inversion
Metaphase I—nondisjunction
Telophase I—deletion - ANSWER-Metaphase I - nondisjunction
If nondisjunction occurs in Metaphase I, then one extra chromosome composed of two tetrads would go
into one of the cells starting metaphase II while the other would have one less. This extra chromosome
would then undergo the rest of meiosis normally, leaving an extra chromosome, composed of one
tetrad in two of the daughter sperm. These are the two that are missing from the other daughter sperm.
An organism is found to have a diploid number of 50. How many chromosomes will this organism have
at the end of S phase?
Possible Answers:
100
50
25
200 - ANSWER-50
Explanation:
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