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WGU C949 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
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WGU C949 STUDY GUIDE
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WGU C949 STUDY GUIDEArray - answer A data structure that stores an ordered list of items, with each item is
directly accessible by a positional index.
Linked List - answerA data structure that stores ordered list of items in nodes, where
each node stores data and has a pointer to the next node.
Bianary Search Tree - answerA data structure in which each node stores data and has
up to two children, known as a left child and a right child.
Hash Table - answerA data structure that stores unordered items by mapping (or
hashing) each item to a location in an array (or vector).
Hashing - answermapping each item to a location in an array (in a hash table).
Chaining - answerhandles hash table collisions by using a list for each bucket, where
each list may store multiple items that map to the same bucket.
Hash key - answervalue used to map an index
bucket - answereach array element in a hash table
ie A 100 elements hash table has 100 buckets
modulo hash function - answercomputes a bucket index from the items key.
It will map (num_keys / num_buckets) keys to each bucket.
ie... keys range 0 to 49 will have 5 keys per bucket.
= 5
hash table searching - answerHash tables support fast search, insert, and remove.
Requires on average O(1)
Linear search requires O(N)
modulo operator % - answercommon has function uses this. which computes the
integer remainder when dividing two numbers.
Ex: For a 20 element hash table, a hash function of key % 20 will map keys to bucket
indices 0 to 19.
Max-Heap - answerA binary tree that maintains the simple property that a node's key is
greater than or equal to the node's childrens' keys. (Actually, a max-heap may be any
tree, but is commonly a binary tree).
, *a max-heap's root always has the maximum key in the entire tree.
Heap storage - answerHeaps are typically stored using arrays. Given a tree
representation of a heap, the heap's array form is produced by traversing the tree's
levels from left to right and top to bottom. The root node is always the entry at index 0 in
the array, the root's left child is the entry at index 1, the root's right child is the entry at
index 2, and so on.
Max-heap insert - answerAn insert into a max-heap starts by inserting the node in the
tree's last level, and then swapping the node with its parent until no max-heap property
violation occurs.
The upward movement of a node in a max-heap is sometime called percolating.
Complexity O(logN)
Max-heap remove - answerAlways a removal of the root, and is done by replacing the
root with the last level's last node, and swapping that node with its greatest child until no
max-heap property violation occurs.
Complexity O(logN)
Percolating - answerThe upward movement of a node in a max-heap
Min-Heap - answerSimilar to a max-heap, but a node's key is less than or equal to its
children's keys.
Heap - Parent and child indices - answerBecause heaps are not implemented with node
structures and parent/child pointers, traversing from a node to parent or child nodes
requires referring to nodes by index. The table below shows parent and child index
formulas for a heap.
ie
1) parent index for node at index 12? 5
*** ((12-1) // 2) = 5 or 12 //2 -1 = 5
2) child indices for a node at index 6? 13 & 14
*** 2 * 6 + 1 = 13 and 2 * 6 + 2 = 14
**Double# and add 1, double# and add 2
Node index Parent Index Child Indices
0 N/A 1, 2
1 0 3, 4
2 0 5, 6
3 1 7, 8
4 1 9, 10
5 2 11, 12
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