Endocrinology and Reproduction Test Questions and Answers
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Endo crinology and Reproduction
Institution
Endo Crinology And Reproduction
Endocrinology and Reproduction Test Questions and Answers
what happens if a person secretes excess GH before puberty? - Answer-causes bones to grow longer at an area of cartilage called the epiphyseal plate
in excess → gigantism
what happens if a person secretes an excess of GH after pu...
Endocrinology and Reproduction
Test Questions and Answers
what happens if a person secretes excess GH before puberty? - Answer-causes bones
to grow longer at an area of cartilage called the epiphyseal plate
in excess → gigantism
what happens if a person secretes an excess of GH after puberty? - Answer-maintains
the turnover of bone and causes bones to grow in thickness
in excess → acromegaly
of the hormones in the thyroid axis, (TRH → TSH → T3 and T4) which must go through
the heart before they reach their target? - Answer-TSH, T3 and T4
(TRH is the only one that goes through the portal system)
what hormonal changes would be expected if a patient developed a left adrenal cortex
tumor, hyper secreting cortisol? - Answer-there would be a decrease in CRH production
what would happen to the right adrenal cortex? - Answer-it will not be stimulated -
completely inhibiting the production of cortisol in the right adrenal cortex
(tumor on left adrenal continues to produce cortisol)
explain the statement: "hormones are regulated by negative feedback but not
necessarily by homeostasis" - Answer-what the hormone impacts is being regulated, not
the hormone itself. hormones are a negative feedback system but are not directly
regulated by homeostasis, instead they are a mechanism of homeostasis.
define homeostasis. - Answer-it is a dynamic (give and take) process that uses the
systems of the body to maintain a stable internal environment
what are the 3 parts of a system required to regulate a parameter by homeostasis? -
Answer-1) must take place in the internal environment (ECF)
2) must have a receptor that helps with monitoring
3) must be kept fairly constant in the system
, is ATP concentration inside cells regulated by homeostasis? why? - Answer-no because
it does not take place in the ECF
is frequency of action potentials in the vagus nerve regulated by homeostasis? why? -
Answer-no, it is part of homeostatic mechanism.
it is not directly regulated
ex: increased APs would result in increased BP
where does spermatogenesis occur in males? - Answer-in the seminiferous tubules
what are the roles of Sertoli cells? - Answer-1) all stages of spermatogenesis are
surrounded by these support cells
2) provide developing gametes with nutrients
3) forms a layer of protection around developing sperm (blood testis barrier)
what is the main role of interstitial cells of Leydig? - Answer-produce testosterone
what are the stem cells called in spermatogenesis? - Answer-spermatogonium
what happens during mitosis of spermatogonium? - Answer-some remain as stem cells
while others differentiate and enter meiosis
what happens during meiosis of differentiated spermatogonium? - Answer-primary
spermatocytes replicate DNA and divide to produce two haploid secondary
spermatocytes
second division produces 4 haploid spermatids
differentiation in spermatogenesis produces how many sperm? - Answer-4
what is the purpose of alkaline sperm? - Answer-to neutralize the acidic environment of
the vagina
what are the functions of testosterone? - Answer-1) essential for spermatogenesis
2) development of male organs
3) sex drive
4) secondary male characteristics
5) growth and sealing of epiphyseal plate
6) anabolism and increased muscle mass
7) feedback regulation of hypothalamus and anterior pituitary (LH)
men with decreased anterior pituitary gland function often have decreased sperm
production and low testosterone levels. would you expect the administration of
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