statistics definitions Certification Review Exam Questions And Answers Verified Solutions.
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Course
CRCB
Institution
CRCB
population - correct answer all the members of a uniquely definable group of people or things. A statistical population is a set of entities about which statistical inferences are to be drawn, often based on a random sample taken from the population. T...
population - correct answer all the members of a uniquely definable group of
people or things. A statistical population is a set of entities about which statistical inferences are to be
drawn, often based on a random sample taken from the population. The term 'population' is also used
to refer to a set of measurements or values.
sample - correct answer the subset of the target population of objects or
participants that is selected for research investigation. A sample is the part of a population that is
observed. A sample must be selected in such a way as to avoid presenting a biased view of the
population, A biased estimate is one that is for some reason overestimates or underestimates what is
being measured.
sampling error - correct answer The amount of error associated with a sample
due to its deviation from the population
descriptive statistics - correct answer statistical procedures designed to
present research data in summary form, including central tendency, dispersion, and graphical displays.
Inferential statistics - correct answer statistical procedures designed to
establish the probability of a causal relationship existing between sets of empirical observations. These
can be correlational statistics or tests for difference/variance
Empirical research study - correct answer making decisions about the world
based on observations and measurements of reality. experimental study
Independent variable - correct answer the variables whose categories are
manipulated in an experiment.
Variables - correct answer a set of scores that can vary
, dependent variable - correct answer the variable in which the values may
depend on changes in an independent variable.
operational definition - correct answer a statement of the procedures
(operations) used to define research variables. For example, human intelligence may be operationally
defined as what an intelligence test measures
construct - correct answer an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from
specific instances
theory - correct answer a body of knowledge and interpretation in a particular
area, supported by testable observation, plus a particular interpretation. A theoretical discipline is
concerned with developing, exploring or testing the theories or ideas that researchers have about how
the world operates.
research hypothesis - correct answer States that a relationship or direction
exists between variables. Is scientific, substantive, theoretical, & declarative.
statistic - correct answer A numerical measurement describing some
characteristic of a sample
parameter - correct answer a quantity (such as the mean or variance) that
characterizes a statistical population and that can be estimated by calculations from sample data
null hypothesis - correct answer The hypothesis that states there is no
difference between two or more sets of data.
discrete variable - correct answer a quantitative variable whose values are
countable
continuous variable - correct answer A variable (such as age, test score, or
height) that can take on a wide or infinite number of values.
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