From Conley, which definition best describes the practice of sociology? - the study of
human society
As defined by C. Wright Mills, which of the following "enables us to grasp history and
biography and the relations between the two within society"? - sociological imagination
Charles H. Cooley argued that the "self" emerges from how an individual interacts with
others and then interprets those interactions. He calls this: - the looking-glass self
Which of the following modern sociological theories grew from Durkheim's and others'
ideas that the best way to analyze society was to identify the roles that different aspects
or phenomena play in the overall structure of society? - Functionalism
Which modern sociological theory examines how power relationships are defined,
shaped, and reproduced on the basis of gender differences? - Feminism
In contrast to functionalism, which modern sociological theory borrows from Marx's
belief that competition, not consensus, is the essential cause of social change? - conflict
theory
Conflict theory holds that; - human social life is shaped by struggles among individuals
and social groups
Which of the following are prominent features of the last several million years of hominid
evolution (the evolution of human-like beings)? - -the development of erect posture and
bipedal locomotion
-the increased development and reliance on tools
-major increases in brain size, complexity and capacity``
The symbols that humans use are distinct from the signs used by other species in that: -
symbols are productive and can take on a variety of meanings
According to your class notes, the major components of human societies and cultures
are: - a material infrastructure, social structure and ideological superstructure
The biological process of natural selection is not truly operative in sociocultural
evolution because: - -natural selection operates on random variations
-most sociocultural variation is deliberately introduced
In the functionalist perspective, social institutions are: - understood in terms of the
benefits they provide for society as a whole
,In the conflict perspective, the things people want are: - scarce and a primary source of
conflict between individuals and groups
Which of the following focuses its analyses on face-to-face encounters and
interactions? - Microsociology
Harvard University admits 3000 freshmen selected from 20,000 applications for
admission each fall. Among those admitted are children of prominent alumni who
contribute large sums of money to the university. The process assures that new
generations of Harvard graduates will come from the same families as old Harvard
graduates. This description of how education works is most consistent with the: - conflict
perspective
The University of Iowa admits 5000 freshmen selected from 10000 applications for
admission each fall. Extensive financial aid packages are offered so that all who meet
the basic academic qualifications are admitted to the University. The state of Iowa
hopes that the most qualified graduates from the University of Iowa will graduate and
take jobs in the state, becoming productive citizens and taxpayers. This description of
how education works is most consistent with the: - functionalist perspective
The interactionist perspective focuses on: - everyday life
Which of the following focuses its analyses on larger social dynamics at the societal and
structural levels? - Macrosociology
A problem that would be most relevant for study from an interactionist perspective
would be: - how one should dress for a job interview
Marx's theory of social change is most clearly identified with: - historical materialism
The two general categories of sociological research are known as: - quantitative and
qualitative
The variable or outcome that a sociologist explains is known as the: - dependent
variable
The measured factors that a sociologist believes have a casual impact on another
variable are known as the: - independent variables
The subset of a population from which a researcher collects data is known as a: -
sample
Research subjects have a right to know that they are participating in a study and what
the study consists of. This is known as: - informed consent
, In the study of culture, norms that have moral significance attached to them are called: -
mores
While almost all forms of music talk about gender relationships and sex, warning labels
are attached only to certain types of music. Which explanation of culture accounts for
this practice? - conflict explanations of culture
In biological explanations of evolution, how is "fitness" determined? - By reproductive
success (producing offspring)
In the interactionist perspective, social life is possible because: - We play roles
It is important to take into account differences across cultures without making value
judgements. This is known as: - cultural relativism
While they are difficult to define, ________ are smaller subgroups within a larger
dominant society that share some of the dominant cultural values, but also have some
of their own, unique material and nonmaterial or symbolic culture. - Subcultures
The experience of learning a culture's norms, values, and so on is known as: -
socialization
Gramsci's concept for the historical process in which a dominant group exercises moral
and intellectual leadership by voluntarily receiving the approval and consent of the
masses is known as: - hegemony
The O.J. Simpson murder case and Hurricane Katrina are examples of which of the
following? - how the media reflects racist ideology
In the United States, six major companies, including Disney and Time-Warner, own
what percentage of the media? - 90%
Concepts such as I, me, and generalized other are part of which theorist's work? -
Mead's
Which theory uses game playing to understand the development of self? - Mead's role-
playing theory
Which theorist extends his theory of socialization to span an entire lifetime, rather than
just limiting it to explanations of childhood or adolescence? - Erickson
Military boot camps and prisons are places that control all of the basics of people's day-
to-day lives, and are known as: - total institutions
Involuntary statuses that we are born into are called: - ascribed statuses
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