Heredity - Passing of traits from parent to offspring
Genetics - The study of how traits are transmitted from parent to offspring
Purebred - Pure breed is someone from the same breed
Traits - Specific characteristics, varies from one individual to another
Genes - Determine traits passed from generation to the next
Dominant - Dominant alleles masks or dominates other genes, represented with a capitol letter
Complete Dominance - The dominant allele is masking the recessive. Ex: Xx
Reccesive - covered up by other genes, represented w/lower case letter
Homozygous - the alleles are the same. Ex: RR, DD, rr, dd
Heterozygous - The alleles are different. Ex: Pp
Genotype - "genetic makeup", "the genes". they are the letter used to describe the genome, ex: pp, PP,
Pp
Phenotype - the physical appearance one sees, what the genes mean. ex: tall, blonde, green
Probability - Likelihood of an event occurring, used for large # of events, cannot predict precise
, P generation - Parental generation, First Generation
F1 generation - First filial- second generation
Hybrid - when alleles are heterozygous
F2 generation - Second filial- 3rd generation
Co-dominance - Each allele contributes to the phenotype, ex: black chicken with speckled white dots
incomplete dominance - One allele is not completely dominant over the other heterozygous phenotype.
ex: Red * White= pink
Allele - different forms of the gene
sex chromasomes - 23rd pair, XX= female, XY= Male
Autosomes - all other chromosomes that are not the sex chromasomes
Polygenic traits - produced by interaction of two or more genes. Ex: height
Pedigree - Pure line of genes
Amnio Centisis - Medical procedure that proves gender of baby and any abnormalities
Karyotype - The number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell of an organism or species
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