What bacteria can cause toxic shock syndrome - Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes
What to assume child has if has fever and petechiae? How to treat it ? - Meningococcemia
TX: aggressive fluid resuscitation and Ax= cephalosporin
What is the diagnostic test for bacterial meningitis ? - CSF examination
IT IS A MED EMERGENCY
What is common in a pediatric patient who has hyponatremia - SIADH
Tx for symptomatic hyponatremia - 3% saline
TX for hypernatremic dehydration - isotonic fluids (0.9% NS)
By how much can sodium levels safely change an hour - 0.5-1.0 mEq/L/h
What to give hyperkalemic patient to stabilize myocardium - Calcium gluconate
Other interventions to move potassium intercellularly (hyperkalemia) - Insulin/glucose
sodium bicarb
albuterol
Hypocalcemia tx - - Calcium gluconate
- Calcium chloride ( CV line bc can cause tissue extravascation/necrosis)
What steps are in the primary survey during Trauma - ABCDE
, airway, breathing, circulation, disability, and environment exposure
Common life threats during trauma - Tension pneumothorax
Open pneumothorax
Massive hemothorax
Tension pneumothorax IV - needle decompression then chest tube
Open pneumothorax IV - 3 sided occlusive dressing then chest tube
Massive hemothorax IV - volume resuscitation then chest tube
most common shock in trauma - hemorrhagic shock
Pneumonic for possible cause of desaturations during trauma - D: dislodgment of ett tube
O: obstruction (kinked, pt biting tube etc)
P: Tension pneumothorax
E: equipment failure
What is the rule of nines for pediatric patients under 15 - Lund Browder chart
Signs of herniation in head trauma or seizure - Pupil is fixed and dilated
leading cause of disability injury in children is - head trauma
Signs of Shaken baby syndrome or Abusive head trauma includes - Bilateral Subdural Hematoma
Retinal hemorrhages
Altered LOC
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