Advanced Pharmacology Final Exam
Review
1. Why are nitrate-free periods every 24 hours necessary for the patient
on nitroglycerin therapy?: To inhibit the development of tolerance
2. What does a low level of thyroid-stimulating hormone indicate?:
Hyper- throidism
3. What would be the best option to treat a newly diagnosed patient with a
low TSH level with?: Propanolol (Inderal)
4. Spironoaldactone (Aldactone) has what mechanism of action (MOA)?:
Al- dosterone antagonist
5. Heparin exerts its therapeutic action by what?: Upregulating the activity
of one of the body's natural anticoagulant molecules, antithrombin III
6. What physiologic action happens when the offending drug is
administered during an anaphylactic reaction.: Mast cells liberate large
doses of histamine.
7. What are two systemic psoriasis medications?: Photo-therapy and
topical corticosteroids
8. What is the first choice of drug therapy for the majority of patients
with uncomplicated stage I hypertension?: Thiazide diuretics
9. What is the effect of cardiac glycosides?: Digitalis glycosides have a
negative chronotropic effect on the cardiac muscle cells.
10.Amenorrhea is the most common side effect of which birth control
med- ication?: Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera)
11.What is an anti-hypertensive agent which competes with epinephrine
for available beta-receptor sites?: Atenolol (Tenormin)
12.What type of action does nitrates have on the body?: Reduction in
systemic venous tone.
13.What is the recommended level of low-density lipoprotein
cholesterol (LDL) for patients with known coronary artery disease?:
100mg/dl or less.
14.What is the MOA of group IV anti-dysrhythmia drugs?: Depressing
phase 4 depolarization and lengthening phases 1 and 2 repolarization.
15.Which drug therapy should be used to lower the serum concentration of
thyroid hormones and re-establish eumetabolic state in a patient with
Graves' disease?: Anti-thyroid drugs.
16.Which type of diuretic would be used for a stage I hypertension in a
patient with renal insufficiency?: Loop diuretic.
17.What drug should be considered as first-line therapy for a client
with hypertension and heart failure?: Enalapril (Vasotec)
18.Which drug is considered safe for hypertension treatment during
pregnan- cy?: Methyldopa (Aldomet)
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