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Digital questions and answers verified 2024
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Digital: Lesson 6 - CCD/CMOS ImageCapture
What is a Charge-Coupled Devices?
The oldest indirect conversion digital radiography system used to acquire a
digital image
How does a Charged-Coupled Device work?
X-ray photons interact with a scintillation material, and the signal is
transmitted by lenses or fiber optics to the CCD.
During the transmission process, the lenses reduce the size of the projected
visible light image
One or more small capacitors convert the light into an electrical charge.
This charge is stored in a sequential pattern and released line by line.
Structure of a CCD:
A CCD is made up of a photosensitive receptor and electronics embedded in
a substrate material in a silicon chip
Function of a CCD:
, Incident light from a scintillator strikes the detector, and electron-hole pairs are
produced in the silicon.
-The amount of electron-hole pairs is related to the amount of light absorbed.
The electrons are held by electrostatic forces in the array until the charge is
read out to form the image.
Image-Related Characteristics
It is not currently practical to manufacture a CCD chip larger than 5 cm x 5
cm.
-Most range from 2 to 4 cm
-The image must be matched to the size of the CCD.
-CCD technology uses lenses or fiberoptics so that the image matches the
receptor size.
Reducing the image size involves several components that contribute to the
quality of the image:
-The scintillator
-Light collection component
-Noise
The Scintillator
The two main types of phosphors are structured and unstructured (turbid).
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