Public Community Health and Nursing Practice 2nd
ED Savage Test Bank WITH 50 PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
World Health Organization Definition of Health - State of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
Population Health - More than a combination of WHO's definition of health because it
implements the ecological model
Entry Level Nursing Care - Nurse should see the individual as a whole when providing
care and extend care to include sociological contexts
Population-Focused Care - Must implement the understanding of several branches of
nursing knowledge, epidemiology, and bio-statistics to help identify priority health issues
at the population level.
Aggregate - In public health, this term represents individual units brought together into a
whole or a sum of those individuals. In public health science, the term aggregate often
refers to the unit of analysis, that is, at what level the health-care provider analyzes and
reports data.
Population - Refers to a larger group whose members may or may not interact with one
another but who share at least one characteristic such as age, gender, ethnicity,
residence, or a shared health issue such as HIV/AIDS or breast cancer. The common
denominator or shared characteristic may or may not be a shared geography or other
link recognized by the individuals within that population. For example, people with type
2 diabetes admitted to a hospital form a population but do not share a specific culture or
place of residence and may not recognize themselves as part of this population. In
many situations, the terms aggregate and population are used interchangeably.
Community - Refers to a group of individuals living within the same geographical area,
such as a town or a neighborhood, or a group of individuals who share some other
common denominator, such as ethnicity or religious orientation. In contrast to
aggregates and population, individuals within the community recognize their
membership in the community based on social interaction and establishment of ties to
other members in the community, and often join collective decision making.
Determinants of Health - Include a range of personal, social, economic, and
environmental factors
, Trans-theoretical Model - Model that helps a health-care provider determine in what
stage of change a person is and helps the provider put together a plan of care that fits
the individual's readiness to quit smoking.
Diversity - Reflects the fact that groups and individuals are not all the same but differ in
relation to culture, ethnicity, race.`
Culture - The customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or
social group
Spector on Culture - All facets of human behavior can be interpreted through the lens of
culture
Ethnicity - -Shared geographical origin
-Language or dialect
-Religion and faith
-Folklore
-Food preferences
-Culture
-Identifying people through broad shared characteristics may not highlight key culture
differences within the group
Race - -Categorizes people based on superficial criteria such as skin color, physical
characteristics, accurate as ethnic groups and become less defined
Cultural Competency - Core aspect of care for healthcare providers.
-Defined as attitudes, knowledge, and skills the health-care provider uses to provide
quality care to culturally diverse populations.
Cultural Humility - Conversely to cultural competency, acknowledges that the
understanding of the multitude of diverse cultures around the world today may be too
big of a task.
Epidemiology - The study of the occurrence of disease in humans
-Identifies environment as a key factor contributing to morbidity and mortality
Eight Principles of Public Health Nursing - 1. The client or unit of care is the population.
2. The primary obligation is to achieve the greatest good for the greatest number of
people or population as a whole.
3. The processes used by PHNs include working with the client as an equal partner.
4. PRIMARY prevention is the priority in selecting appropriate activities.
5. Public health nursing focuses on strategies that create healthy environmental, social,
and economic conditions in which populations may thrive.
6. A PHN is obligated to actively identify and reach out to all who might benefit from a
specific activity or service.
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