Fish and Wildlife
food and recreation - ANS-wildlife and fisheries?
practical ecology of vertebrates and their plant and animal associations
free roaming vertebrate animals
terrestrial or partially terrestrial vertebrates - ANS-wildlife
all free living animals... we will restrict it to vertebrates - ANS-wildlife definition for this class
single species - ANS-fish
more than one species - ANS-fishes
often means a system that includes fish or fishes, habitat, and human users- occasionally
synonymous with a specific population - ANS-fishery
- ANS-in modern usage, both the terms "wildlife" and "fishes" include species or systems that
involve consumptive and non consumptive by humans
Manipulation of populations or habitats to achieve specific goals
make population size bigger, smaller, harvest population for continuing yield, leave it
alone/protect it but monitor status - ANS-management
acts on a population, either changing its numbers by direct means or influencing numbers by the
indirect means of altering food supply, habitat, density of predators, prevalance of disease.
appropriate when pop density too low or high - ANS-Manipulative management
is preventive or protective. aim to minimize external influences on the population and its habitat.
It is appropriate in a national park where one of the stated goals is to protect ecological
processes. also appropriate for conservation of a threatened species where the threat is of
external origin rather than being intrinsic to the system. - ANS-Custodial management
include active and passive techniques - ANS-manipulative and custodial management both:
study of interrelationships beween organisms and their environment - ANS-ecology
the study of life - ANS-biology
- ANS-biology> ecology > management
traits that describe the life cycle of an organism: birth, maturation, reproduction, death.
,example: size and number of offspring, number of reproductive events, life span - ANS-life
history
management
research
legal or public forum
law enforcement
advocacy - ANS-what are the primary activities in the fields of wildlife and fisheries
the sustainable management and use of natural resources - ANS-conservation
leaving natural systems or resources as they are - ANS-preservation
- ANS-conservation and preservation are NOT necessarily mutually exclusive
principles of fish and wildlife ecology - ANS-wildlife and fishes are resources that have Positive
And Negative benefits and "values" that vary over time, among species, and among societies
principles of fish and wildlife - ANS-conservation of fish and wildlife are influenced by society's
needs, ideals, and morals and by its definition of "quality of life"
management of a population is based on a species life history and its habitat associations -
ANS-basic unit of management is the population NOT the individual
dynamic - ANS-Management decisions are a complex function of biological AND non biological
issues
taxonomy
ecology
population dynamics
life history
stocking
introductions
population reduction - ANS-organisms
limnology
water quality
water quantity
pond/reservoir construction
in-water structures
access - ANS-habitats
sociology
economics
, politics
laws
regulations
planning
information
edufation - ANS-people
- ANS-fisheries management depicted as three overlapping circles which represent concern for
aquatic organisms, aquatic habitats, and people
principles - ANS-wildlife or fisheries management is the ART of making land or aquatic habitat
produce a sustained harvest of wildlife or fish; often in conjunction with other forms of land use
and other resources that are valued by society
- ANS-Domestic versus International is a critical contrast!
Habitat fragmentation and loss.
Over exploitation.
Introduced species and disease
Changing attitudes towards environment, hunting, and fishing
Extinctions - ANS-challenges and issues
integrating wildlife and fisheries management with related fields such as restoration ecology,
urban ecology, and conservation biology - ANS-challenges and issues
managing wildlife and fisheries locally when some of the challenges are at a global scale -
ANS-challenges and issues
moving toward management on larger temporal and spatial scales - ANS-challenges and issues
population - ANS-what is the issue that underlies just about all environmental problems
money
laws - ANS-resources
? - ANS-Old school mentality
disseminate ideas
develop technologies
relatively new approach to the conservation of biodiversity. a development that has put
government agenciess(local to federal) and non governmental conservation agencies (like The
Nature Conservance) on the same page.
Developed in 1990s in large part as the result high level interest, and endorsed by all federal
agencies. It has Many definitions - ANS-ecosystem management
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