GBA 383 Exam 1 Ch. 1-3
A person might find it difficult to avoid a wrong because of coercion or a threat. What type of moral
defense could be used to reduce responsibility? - ✔✔Mitigating factors
Which of the following describes the level of moral responsibility when there is an absence of
causality, knowledge, or freedom? - ✔✔Moral responsibility is completely eliminated
What condition of moral responsibility has been met when a person fails to prevent an injury or wrong
when he or she knew there was a potential for injury? - ✔✔Causality
Which of the following is used to reduce, but not eliminate, responsibility for a wrong? - ✔✔Mitigating
factors
According to Kohlberg, during which of moral development does one realize there are conflicting
moral views and believes there is a fair way to reach consensus about them? - ✔✔Social contract
orientation
Which criteria are used to evaluate moral reasoning? - ✔✔Logic and evidence
Which of the following best describes the idea that ethical standards are true based on a particular
culture or society, and will change based on the society in which we find ourselves working? -
✔✔Relativism
Which of the following best describes hypernorms as moral standards? - ✔✔Moral standards that
should be applied to all people in all societies.
The process of sharing goods, services, knowledge, and cultures across national borders is referred
to as - ✔✔Globalization
According to World Bank reports, which of the following is a disadvantage of globalization? -
✔✔Inequalities increase between and within nations.
With which area are many of the ethical issues related to information technology concerned? -
✔✔Privacy
Technology now allows for the altering of cells in plants, humans, and animals in a process called -
✔✔Genetic engineering
, Which of the following best describes an organization's obligations toward society? - ✔✔Corporate
Social Responsibility
Which theory of corporate social responsibility says that an organization should be run with the best
interests of anyone who can benefit from the organization in mind? - ✔✔Stakeholder theory
Because companies intentionally engage in actions such as production and sales, some people
believe they should be held morally responsible for their decisions and actions. This view considers
companies as having to act as - ✔✔Moral agents
There have been several arguments against business ethics. Which argument best supports the idea
that when an organization makes money, it improves society, so business ethics are not needed? -
✔✔Profits benefit all
Which of the following best describes the basis for moral standards? - ✔✔Moral standards deal with
serious issues
Ethical issues about the economic, political, or legal aspects that a business operates under are
referred to as _____ issues. - ✔✔Systemic
Which of the following best describes the criteria by which we judge manners and rules of behavior? -
✔✔Nonmoral standards
Which of the following can be described as an example of a moral standard? - ✔✔Do not harm
others
Which of the following is one of the advantages of ethical decision-making as a long-term business
strategy? - ✔✔Ethical behavior can provide significant competitive advantage
Which of the following is defined as standards of what a group or individual feels is right or wrong, or
good or evil? - ✔✔Morality
The majority of moral decisions are made without thinking through the consequences; these
decisions are made through the _____ processes. - ✔✔Unconscious
When moral decision-making relies on past situations where there was a clear ethical response
based on sound ethical reasoning, it is called - ✔✔Casuistry
The basis for utilitarian moral judgement is that - ✔✔Maximize the net utility of actions
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