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Moral and Social Problems Exam 2 Questions &Exam (elaborations) answers 100% satisfaction guarantee Latest update 2024/2025 with complete solution$11.49
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Moral and Social Problems Exam 2
Which of the following captures the idea of an intermediate moral principle? - ✔✔An intermediate
moral principle is more specific than statements of universal or role-specific obligations, but not so
specific as to be about only a single case.
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Which is an example of an intermediate moral principle? - ✔✔killing is wrong when it deprives the
victim of a future of value.
Which best captures the doctrine of the double effect? - ✔✔It is sometimes permissible to bring
about bad outcomes as the side effect of your actions, even if it would be wrong to bring about that
same outcome intentionally.
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What is a counterexample? - ✔✔An example of a situation in which a moral principle has
counterintuitive implications
Which is a counterexample to the statement that mammals don't lay eggs? - ✔✔Platypuses are
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mammals, and they lay eggs.
A thought experiment is - ✔✔An imaginary scenario used to test a moral principle
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What is the purpose of Robert Nozick's thought experiment about the person in the well who
vaporizes someone with a ray gun? - ✔✔To test the principle that it is always wrong to use force
against an innocent person.
Which best explains the idea of a moral intuition? - ✔✔Your moral intuitions are (some subset of) the
moral judgments you make about particular cases without going through any conscious reasoning
process.
Which best explains the role that moral intuitions play in moral reasoning? - ✔✔They help us
evaluate moral principles by seeing whether the moral principles' implications conflict with our moral
intuitions.
What is an argument by analogy? - ✔✔An argument that because two things are similar in some
ways, they are also similar in some further way.
Why do non-moral similarities between two actions support the claim that we should make the same
moral judgments about them? - ✔✔Because we should treat like cases alike.
, What is an "evolving analogy?" - ✔✔A series of arguments by analogy that begin with a simple
analogy and gradually make it more complicated to better reflect the real world.
Critics often respond to the Drowning Child argument from Chapter 7 by pointing out differences
between the case of the child drowning in a pond and the case of children dying from poverty in
distant countries. How does Peter Singer respond when people point out those differences? - ✔✔He
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changes the scenario in the analogy to eliminate those differences (E.g. by adding other people near
the pond who could help)
Judith Jarvis Thompson uses the technique of refutation by analogy. To what does Thompson
compare unprotected sex in her refutation of the claim that it is always wrong for a woman to get an
abortion if she became pregnant as a result of unprotected sex? - ✔✔Leaving the window to your
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apartment open.
Which best captures the basic question that warren is trying to answer in "On The Moral and Legal
Status of Abortion?" - ✔✔Is abortion morally permissible?
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Warren's main conclusion in "On The Moral and Legal Status of Abortion?" - ✔✔Human fetuses
satisfy none of the criteria for personhood and therefore are not members of the moral community
Which best captures Warren's main argument for the claim that abortion is permissible? -
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✔✔Fetuses satisfy none of the criteria for personhood and therefore are not members of the moral
community
Which is the best example of a nonhuman person? - ✔✔A nonhuman animal that satisfies the five
criteria for personhood.
According to Warren, a human fetus is not an instance of a person because: - ✔✔A human fetus
isn't fully conscious and can neither reason nor communicate
Which best captures Marquis's main argument for the claim that the vast majority of abortions are
morally wrong? - ✔✔Killing a fetus deprives it of a future like ours, which is wrong.
What, according to Marquis, makes most cases of killing adult human beings morally wrong? -
✔✔Killing deprives the victim of future life and its value
Which is NOT an example of depriving a being of future like ours? - ✔✔Killing a plant
Fetuses are like human adults in which of the following morally relevant respects, according to
Marquis? - ✔✔Fetuses have futures like ours.
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