is another name for a heart attack.
requires immediate surgical correction.
is consistent, chronic chest pain.
occurs without signs or symptoms.
is chest pain experienced for the first time.
- ✔✔Question 2 of 5
Angina may be relieved by ______________, which vasodilate(s) coronary arteries.
For each clinical scenario, drag and drop the appropriate intervention.
Antonia is a 63-year old lawyer with the district attorney's office. She mentions she occasionally gets
a crushing pain in her chest that radiates to her neck and jaw that usually last about 5 to 10 seconds.
The doctor suspects stable angina.
The physician prescribes rest in addition to which treatment?
coronary artery bypass graft
nitrates
,pacemaker
parenteral antibiotics
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
- ✔✔Question 5 of 5
Factors that influence the amount of damage an MI causes include _____________. Select all that
apply.
location
gender
duration
collateral circulation
age
- ✔✔Question 5 of 5
For each clinical scenario, drag and drop the appropriate intervention.
Marcus thinks he has the flu, but after his physical examination and diagnostic tests the doctor
suspects Marcus has myocarditis. He is given activity restrictions as well as nitrates, beta blockers,
and corticosteroids. He is told if his condition is not improving at his follow-up appointment, he may
need additional intervention.
Which intervention might Marcus need?
coronary artery bypass graft
nitrates
pacemaker
,parenteral antibiotics
percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
- ✔✔Systemic Circulation
- (%) of blood ejected from the left ventricle (LV) during systole (normal 60-80%)
- During Heart Failure = 10-15% = low cardiac output - ✔✔Ejection Fraction (EF)
- actual (ML) volume of blood ejected from the LV during systole - ✔✔Stroke volume (SV)
- How forceful the chambers squeeze blood - ✔✔Contractility
- The resistance the chambers have to push against to eject blood
- resistance
- HTN - ✔✔Afterload
- The volume of blood the heart pumps (CO=HR X SV) - ✔✔Cardiac output
- The volume the heart chambers has to pump
- Heart can only pump what is returned to it
- more stretch more force for normal hearts
- failing heart can't handle increased ____________ - ✔✔Preload
-- - ✔✔Hypertension may cause ___________________. Select all that apply.
atherosclerosis.
left ventricular hypertrophy.
increased cholesterol.
increased coronary circulation need.
vessels to burst.
-- - ✔✔Secondary hypertension ____________________. Select all that apply.
has no known cause.
is a blood pressure < 120/80 mm Hg.
has no negative effect on the heart.
is also known as essential hypertension.
accounts for 5- to 10-percent of all hypertension cases.
, -0.04-0.39 ng/mL not normal
-0.40 ng/mL and higher, the underlying cardiac injury is usually a myocardial infarction - ✔✔Troponin
-5.1 million Americans
-670,000 new cases annually
-not rare - ✔✔Heart Failure
-a complication of shock
-bleed from every orifice
•Abnormal clotting
•Immune reaction initiates clotting cascade
•Small clots obstruct organs and microvasculature
•Tissue ischemia
•Platelets and clotting factors consumed
•Now at risk for bleeding
•Ooze at catheter insertion sites
•Hemorrhage - ✔✔(DIC) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
-a complication of shock
-hard to ventilate because of stiff lungs
•Respiratory failure
•Most commonly associated with septic shock
•Refractory hypoxemia
•Decreased pulmonary compliance
•Pulmonary edema
•Mortality 60-90%
•Tissue ischemia
▫Inflammatory response
Exudate in interstitial space
Alveolar collapse (atelectasis) - ✔✔(ARDS) Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller EXAMQA. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.