ANS Brackets are used in the Tabular List to enclose synonyms, alternative
wording or explanatory phrases. Brackets are used in the Alphabetic Index to
identify manifestation codes
12. When are ( ) parentheses used?
ANS Parentheses are used in both the Alphabetic Index and Tabular List to
enclose supplementary words that may be present or absent in the statement of a
disease or procedure without affecting the code number to which it is assigned. The
terms within the parentheses are referred to as nonessential modifiers. The
nonessential modifiers in the Alphabetic Index to Diseases apply to subterms
following a main term except when a nonessential modifier and a subentry are
mutually exclusive, the subentry takes precedence. For example, in the ICD-10-CM
Alphabetic Index under the main term Enteritis, "acute" is a nonessential modifier
and
ICD-10-CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting FY 2017
Page 10 of 114
"chronic" is a subentry. In this case, the nonessential modifier "acute" does not
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