NSG 318 Exam 3 Drug Practice
Questions and Correct Answers
Digoxin Classification ✅cardiac glycoside
Digoxin use ✅heart failure, Afib
Digoxin Mode of Action ✅◦Inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase, promoting increased
force of cardiac contraction, cardiac output, and tissue perfusion
◦Decreases ventricular rate
Digoxin Therapeutic Serum Levels ✅For heart failure - 0.5 to 1 ng/mL
Digoxin effects on the heart muscle ✅◦Increases myocardial contractility
◦Decreases heart rate
◦Decreases conduction
◦Increases cardiac output
Digoxin Contraindications ✅Vfib
Digoxin Use with Caution ✅◦Acute MI, AV block, HTN
◦Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism
◦Renal and hepatic dysfunction
◦Bradycardia, hypokalemia, electrolyte imbalance
◦Older adults
Digoxin Side Effects ✅◦CNS effects, GI distress
◦Blurred or yellow vision
Digoxin Adverse effects ✅bradycardia
Digoxin Life Threatening effects ✅Cardiac dysrhythmias, thrombocytopenia
Digoxin Signs of Toxicity ✅◦Anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea
◦Blurred vision, green or yellow halos
◦Bradycardia, abnormal heart rhythms
Digoxin Toxicity Antidote ✅Digoxin Immune fab
Digoxin Drug Interactions ✅◦Diuretics and cortisone
◦Increased risk for digitalis (digoxin) toxicity
,◦Antacids
Decrease digitalis (digoxin) absorption
Digoxin CAM Interactions ✅Increased digitalis levels with:
◦ginseng
Decreased absorption of digoxin:
◦St. John's wort, psyllium
Increased effects of digoxin:
◦hawthorn
Increased risk of digitalis toxicity:
◦licorice, aloe, ephedra
Types of antianginal drugs ✅-Nitrates
-Beta blockers
-Calcium channel blockers
Nitroglycerin Classification ✅antianginal
Nitroglycerin use ✅To control angina, acute MI, hypertensive crisis, pulmonary edema,
and heart failure
Nitroglycerin mode of action ✅Decreases myocardial demand for oxygen
Nitroglycerin contraindications ✅◦Increased intracranial pressure, anemia
◦Cardiomyopathy, shock
Nitroglycerin Caution ✅◦Renal or hepatic disease, acute MI, hypovolemia
◦Head trauma, pregnancy, breastfeeding
Nitroglycerin routes of administration ✅◦Sublingual, topical, aerosol spray, transdermal
patch, IV
◦Buccal and oral extended-release capsule and tablets
Nitroglycerin side effects ✅◦CNS effects including headache, hypotension, flushing,
rash
◦Syncope, diaphoresis, GI distress
◦Blurred vision, dry mouth
◦Palpitations, peripheral edema, tolerance
Nitroglycerin adverse effects ✅Orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, paradoxical
bradycardia
, Nitroglycerin Life Threatening effects ✅Circulatory collapse
Beta Blocker action ✅◦Block beta1 and beta2 receptor sites
◦Block the action of the catecholamines
◦Epinephrine and norepinephrine
◦Decrease workload of heart and oxygen demands
Atenolol (Tenormin) classification ✅beta blocker
atenolol uses ✅HTN, angina, and prophylaxis and treatment of acute myocardial
infarction
atenolol mode of action ✅◦Selectively block beta 1-adrenergic receptor sites
◦Decreases sympathetic outflow to the periphery
◦Suppresses renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
Atenolol contraindications and cautions ✅◦Sinus bradycardia, heart block
◦Pulmonary edema, acute bronchospasm
◦Pregnancy, lactation
caution: Renal dysfunction, diabetes mellitus
Atenolol (Tenormin) Interactions ✅◦Increased absorption with:
◦Atropine and other anticholinergic drugs
◦Decreased effects of atenolol with:
◦NSAIDs
◦Increased risk of hypoglycemia with:
◦Insulin and sulfonylureas
Atenolol side effects ✅◦CNS effects, depression
◦GI distress, cool extremities
◦Erectile dysfunction (impotence)
Atenolol adverse effects ✅Bradycardia, hypotension, heart failure, dyspnea
atenolol life threatening ✅Bronchospasm, dysrhythmias, thrombocytopenia
Calcium Channel Blockers action ✅-Relax coronary artery spasm
-Reduce cardiac workload and oxygen demands
Diltiazem (Cardizem) Classification ✅calcium channel blocker
