Exam (elaborations)
Cardiopulmonary Exam 1 Questions & Detailed Answers
- Course
- Cardiopulmonary
- Institution
- University Of Cincinnati
Cardiopulmonary Exam 1 Questions & Detailed Answers
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Cardiopulmonary Exam 1 Questions & DetailedAnswers
What is the pathology where the heart is unable to pump blood at a rate to meet
the metabolic demands of the body? -ANS>Heart failure
Heart failure arises secondary to abnormalities of what? -ANS>Cardiac
structure/function that impairs the ability of the bentricle
Heart failure related to filling is termed what? Heart failure related to ejecting
blood is termed what? -ANS>Disastolic dysfunction = problems with filling due to
ventricular stiffness Systolic dysfunction = problems with ejecting blood due to lack
of muscle contraction
What is the function of the thorax? -ANS>Cover and protects major organs of
cardiopulmonary system
Also site of muscle attachment
What comprises the thorax anteriorly, posteriorly and laterally? -ANS>Anteriorly:
Sternum
Posterioly: Thoracic vertebrae
,Laterally: Ribs
What are the 3 parts of the sternum? -ANS>Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid
What is the suprasternal notch? -ANS>Superior border of manubium
The sternum body articulates with what ribs? -ANS>Ribs 3-7
What is the "angle of Louis" -ANS>Level of bifurcation of trachea into right and left
main stem bronchi
What ribs are the true ribs, false ribs and floating ribs? -ANS>Ribs 1-7
Vertebrosternal ribs (true ribs)
Ribs 8-10 Vertebrochondral ribs (false ribs)
Ribs 11,12 Vertebral ribs (vertebral ribs)
Where is a chest tube places to avoid trauma? -ANS>Above ribs
,Where does the vascular and nerve supply run along each rib? -ANS>Inferior and
medial boarder of each ribs runs the vascular supply
Therefore, place chest tube above rib and away from inferior boarder of rib above
What parts of the rib articulate with the vertebrae body? -ANS>Superior and
inferior facets
Where does the rib articulate with the transverse process? -ANS>Articular facet for
transverse process on tubercle of rib
What is the specific function of the costal groove? -ANS>Where neurovascular
bundle runs
What is the mediastinum? -ANS>Lies between right and left pleura of lungs
Contains all thoracic viscera except lungs
What structure contains all thoracic viscera except lungs and lies between right
and left pleura of lungs? -ANS>Mediastinum
What is the mediastinal shift? -ANS>When lungs collapse, it pulls structures
towards it. With a growth or tumor in lungs, it will push lungs away
, What is the primary pump that circulates blood? -ANS>Heart (C'mon)
What occurs when the lungs collapse and a structure pulls viscera towards itself.
Or if there is a tumor, it pushes structures away? -ANS>Mediastinal shift
The heart recieves deoxygenated blood into what chamber of the heart? -
ANS>right atrium
The heart pumps oxygenated blood to the ___________________ -ANS>systemic
circulations
Describe the 3 characteristics of the pericardium -ANS>Outer layer is parietal
pericardium
Inner smooth, thin layer is the visceral pericardium
Pericardial space contains 10-20 ml of pericardial fluid
What facilitates pumping action, has contractile elements, and cells that have
automaticity, rhythmicity and conductivity functions -ANS>Myocardium
Describe the myocardium -ANS>Contractile element of heart that facilitates
pumping actions
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