Mental Retardation/ Intellectual Disability - CORRECT ANSWER 3 criteria" deficits in intellectual,
adaptive fx; starts in developmental period
Mild, moderate, severe, profound
etiology: from DSM4 study materials:
5% due to heredity, 30% alterations of development, 10% to perinatal px, 5% to med conditions, 15-20%
to environmental actors. unknown 30-40%.
Borderline 71 to 84 iq instead of below 70.
PKU - CORRECT ANSWER Failure to metabolize phenylalanine. can lead to irreversible or profound ID
Downs Syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER Trisomy 21.people may have heart lesions, resporatory and
intestinal defects, cataracts, age rapidly, risk for alzheimer's.
Specific Learning Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Achievement on standardized test low But IQ is ok.
- with impairment in reading, written expression, mathematics
(A)1 or more according to dsm5:
(1) effortful reading (2) difficulty understanding what one read (3) spelling (4) written expression (5)
number sense, facts, calc (6) math reasoning
(B) significantly below peers and messes with functioning
(C) begin during school age years
(D) not ID
Reading more common in boys.
,Child Onset Fluency Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Disturbance in fluency and patterning of speech.
Causes anxiety
Onset early in development
Not attributed to speech-motor or sensory deficit
treat with regulated breathing, awareness training, social support, reducing psych stress at home
Autism Spectrum Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Persistent deficits in social communication and social
interaction across contexts:
- deficits in social emotional reciprocity
- deficits in nonverbal communicative behaviors - eye contact and body language
- deficits in maintaining relationships
Restricted repetitive patterns of behavior
- stereotypoed movements
- insistence on sameness
-fixed interests
-sensory sensitivity or lack of
Symptoms present in early development and cause impairment
Not ID
Smaller than normal cerebellum and enlarged ventricles; abnormal levels of NE, serotonin, dopamine
interventions focus on adaptive skills and behavior techniques
Rett's Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Characteristic pattern of symptoms after normal development of
five months. Head growth deceleration, loss of hand skills, development of hand movements,
impairments in gait, loss of social interest, impaired language, psychomotor retartdation.
, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER Developmental regression in at least two areas of
functioning - motor, play, social
adHD - CORRECT ANSWER Persistent, developmentally inappropriate pattern of inattention or
hyperactivity.
6+ inattention
6+ hyperactivity
prior to 12
2+ settings
mess with functioning
6+6 = combined type
did not meet criteria but still impaired functioning- other ADHD
kids test low but have average IQs; held back, comorbid with conduct, learning disorder, odd, anxiety
depression.
7.8% prevalence 4-17
fidgeting declines over time.
adults have lower self-esteem, risk for bipolar, depression, anxiety, etc.
ritalin given to 75%, behavior training
MTA: bx + med best
Conduct Disorder - CORRECT ANSWER A repetetive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic
rights of others or norms are violated.
Aggression to people/animals
Destruction of property
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