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PHARMACOLOGY PENN EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS|ACCURATE ACTUAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE| GUARANTEED PASS|ALREADY GRADED A+|LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025.$24.89
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PHARMACOLOGY PENN EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS|ACCURATE ACTUAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE| GUARANTEED PASS|ALREADY GRADED A+|LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025.
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PHARMACOLOGY PENN
Institution
PHARMACOLOGY PENN
PHARMACOLOGY PENN EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS|ACCURATE ACTUAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE| GUARANTEED
PASS|ALREADY GRADED A+|LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025.
PHARMACOLOGY PENN EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS|ACCURATE ACTUAL EXAM WITH FREQUENTLY
TESTED QUESTIONS AND STUDY GUIDE| GUARANTEED
PASS|ALREADY GRADED A+|LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025.
discuss the responsibilities of a veterinary technician in the administration of drug orders. -
CORRECT ANSWER carry out orders correctly, read the drug label 3x to ensure that the proper
drug is being adminstered and take care to administer the correct dose by the correct route. be
aware of posibble side effects and monitor patient in a responsible way.
Describe the sequense of events that a drug undergoes from administration to excretion. -
CORRECT ANSWER a drug is first absorbed or directly placed into the bloodstream. In the
blood, the drug may bind with a plasma protein or exist in the free state. The circulating blood
distributes the drug to the capillary level, where the drug leaves the circulation and enters the
interstitial fluid. The interstitial fluid bathes the cell or bind with surface receptors. The drug then
exits the cell or its surface, moves back to interstitial fluid, reenters circulation and then is
metabolized in the liver and sent to the kidneys for excretion.
List 11 possible routes for administering a drug and discuss the advatages and/or disadvantages
of each. - CORRECT ANSWER 1. oral route 2. SQ 3.IM 4. IV 5. IP 6. IA, intraarterial 7. IC,
intracardiac 8. IM, intramedullary 9. Inhalation 10. topical 11. intradermal
List some of the factors that influence drug absorption - CORRECT ANSWER 1. method of
absorbtion, 2. the ph of the durg and its ionization status, 3. the absorptive surface area, 4. the
blood supply to the area, 5. the solubility of the drug, 6. the dosage form, 7. the status of the gi
tract 8 interactions with other drugs
Most biotransformation of drugs occurs in where? - CORRECT ANSWER liver
Must durg excretion occurs via? - CORRECT ANSWER kidneys
Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular - CORRECT ANSWER
receptors
The drug name that is chosen by the manufacturer and that is the exclusive property of that
company is called - CORRECT ANSWER proprietary/trade
What are six items that must be on a drug label? - CORRECT ANSWER 1.drug names 2.drug
concentration 3.name and address of the manufacturerer 4.controlled substance status
5.manufacturer's control or lot number 6. expiration date
What are three government agencies that regulate the development, approval and use of animal
health products? - CORRECT ANSWER FDA, EPA and USDA
,Why do many veterinary clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of the drugs that they use? -
CORRECT ANSWER profit
Describe the marketing of animal health products - CORRECT ANSWER veterinary
pharmaceuticals may be purchased directly from the manufacturer, from distributors, or from
generic mail order companies. In some instances drugs may be sold under one label to gradute
veterinarians and under another as an over the counter product
All FDA approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication titled - CORRECT ANSWER
The Green Book
What is the purpose of FARAD? - CORRECT ANSWER provides resources concerning the
avoidance of drug residues in animals
Extralabel veterinary drug use was made legal under prescribed circumstances by what act of
Congress? - CORRECT ANSWER AMDUCA Animal medicinal drug use clarification act
Define compounding - CORRECT ANSWER Compounding refers tot he diluting or combining
of existing drugs
What are the potential danges of residues in animal products - CORRECT ANSWER Drug
residues in animal products may cause allergic reations or neoplasia in people and they may
cause the development of antibiotic resistant strains of bacteria
define agonist - CORRECT ANSWER A drug with a high level of affinity and efficacy that
binds to a receptor and casues a specific action.
define contraindiction - CORRECT ANSWER a reason not to use a drug in a particular
situation, causes undesirable side effects
define efficacy - CORRECT ANSWER the degree to which a drug produces its desired
response.
define over the counter drug - CORRECT ANSWER a drug that may be purchased without a
prescription from a vet
define prescription drug - CORRECT ANSWER a drug that must be prescribed by a vet and
taken while under the supervision of a vet
define receptor - CORRECT ANSWER a molecule located on a cell that binds with drugs or
neurotransmitters to cause an effect
define therapeutic index - CORRECT ANSWER the relationship between a drug's ability to
achieve the desired effect compared to its tendency to produce toxic effects. Expressed as a
ration between the LD and the ED. LD/ED 50% of the time.
,define withdrawal time - CORRECT ANSWER the amount of time that must elapse between
the end of drug therapy and the elimination of that drug from the patients tissue or products.
define veterinarian client patient relationship - CORRECT ANSWER the relationship that must
exist between the veterinarians, hris or her patient and the patient's owner before prescription
drugs may be dispensed
List four sources of drugs used in veterinary medicine - CORRECT ANSWER animal products,
plant products, minerals, and synthetic products
what are four components of a drug regimen - CORRECT ANSWER includes the dose, the
route of administration, the frequency of administration, and the duration of administration
discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid veterinarian-client-patient relationship can
be shown to exist. - CORRECT ANSWER 1. the vet must assume responsibility for making
clinical judgements in relation to the health of the animal. 2. the vet must have recently seen the
animal and be acquainted with its care and 3. the vet must be available for follow up care of the
animal.
List three class of drug interactions. - CORRECT ANSWER pharmacodynamic,
pharmacokinetic and pharmaceutic
Drug interaction can be anticipated when giving two drugs both metabilized by the? -
CORRECT ANSWER Liver
Define ethical product - CORRECT ANSWER one sold only through veterinarians as a policy
of the manufacturer rather than by the FDA requirement
Once a drug has been biotransformed it is called a: - CORRECT ANSWER metabolite
Pharmacodynamics - CORRECT ANSWER the action or effect on one drug is altered by
another (antagonistic, additive, and synergistic)
pharmacokinetic - CORRECT ANSWER plasma or tissue levels of the durg are altered by the
presense of another (drug interaction)
pharmaceutic - CORRECT ANSWER physical or chemical reactions take place as a result of
mixing drugs in a syringe or other container.
bioavailability - CORRECT ANSWER the degree to which a drug is absorbed and reaches the
general circulation
partition coefficient - CORRECT ANSWER the degree of lipid solubility of a drug. high lipid
partition coefficient indicated enhanced drug absorption
, What are the four chemical reactions induced by microsomal enzymes in the liver to
biotransform drugs - CORRECT ANSWER 1. oxidation (loss of e-) 2. reduction (gain of e-) 3.
hydrolysis (splitting of the drug molecule with the addition of a water molecule 4. Conjugation
(the addition of glucuronic acid to the drug
The kidneys excrete drugs by two principle mechanisms - CORRECT ANSWER 1. glomerular
filtration 2. tubular secretion
2.1. Name four common drug preparations - CORRECT ANSWER oral, parenteral, topical,
inhalation
2.2. Boluses are used in the treatment of ________animals and are adminstered with a _______ -
CORRECT ANSWER large, balling gun
2.3.Name two types of parenteral injection forms - CORRECT ANSWER injections, implants
2.4. Vials may be either ______dose or ______dose - CORRECT ANSWER single, multi
2.5. All used needles should be discarded in a _________ - CORRECT ANSWER sharps
container
2.6. Name the five rights of drug administration. - CORRECT ANSWER 1. right patient 2. right
drug 3. right dose 4. right route 5. right time and frequency
2.7. Oral drugs should never be administered in animals that are __________ - CORRECT
ANSWER vomiting
2.8. IV administration of drugs allows the most __________and effective drug administration -
CORRECT ANSWER rapid
2.9. An indwelling catheter should be replaced with a new one every __________hours -
CORRECT ANSWER 72
2.10. A simplex (gravity set) IV system is used to administer fluids to ________ animals -
CORRECT ANSWER large
2.11. Name six items that should be recorded in the controlled substance log - CORRECT
ANSWER 1. patient name 2. owner name 3. name of person administering 4. amount dispensed
5. date
2.12. Why should drugs give by injection not be stored in syringes for any length of time before
administration? - CORRECT ANSWER drug interaction with plastic, it may absorb the drug,
making it less potent
2.13. List four types of syring tips - CORRECT ANSWER 1. slip tip 2. luer lock 3. catheter tip
4. eccentric
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