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Cardiac PCCN Exam Questions And Answers
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Cardiac PCCN Exam Questions And Answers
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Cardiac PCCN Exam Questions AndAnswers
EKG - correct answer records the electrical activity of the heart and can
identify an abnormal cardiac rhythm and sometimes cardiac muscle
damage
Stress test - correct answer Monitors cardiac activity while exercising or
after medications are given to increase the heart rate. it detect whether
there is a change in rhythm or signs of cardiac ischemia
echocardiogram - correct answer an ultrasound of the heart to evaluate
contractility and valve function. Can be done through the chest wall or
transesophageal.
PET scan - correct answer a nuclear scan that evaluates the flow of
blood through the coronary arteries to the heart muscle. Can also be
done with a form of glues to determine whether specific areas of the
heart tissues are damaged. More expensive than a CT scan but detects
changes faster
Thallium or perfusion scans - correct answer Nuclear scans that
evaluate areas of the heart muscle that are not being properly
perfused. Can be done with different contrast mediums.
Holter Monitor - correct answer a small device that is worn over 24
hours up to several weeks. it runs continuously, while an even recorder
,Cardiac PCCN Exam Questions And
Answers
allows the patient to start the ECG recording when they experience
symptoms.
In order to diagnose right ventricular infarction... - correct answer right
sided leads are placed on the right side in a mirror image of the left
leads.
S1 - correct answer the first heart sound "lub" closure of the mitral and
tricuspid valves (heards at apex/left ventricular area of the heart, the
pointy bottom of the heart)
S2 - correct answer the second heart sound "dub" closure of the aortic
and pulmonic valves. heard at the base of the heart (top near the aortic
arch etc)
Systole - correct answer the time between S1 and S1
Diastole - correct answer time from S2 and the next S1
Gallop Rhythms - correct answer S3 (occurs after S2 in children and
young adults) but may indicate heart failure or LVF in older adults
(heard when patient is lying on left side)
S4 occurs before S1 and occurs with ventricular hypertrophy uch as
from CAD, HTN, or aortic valve stenosis
, Cardiac PCCN Exam Questions And
Answers
Opening snap - correct answer an unusual high pitched sound occurring
after S2 withe stenosis of mitral valve from rheumatic heart disease
Ejection click - correct answer a brief high pitched sound occurring
immediately after S1 with stenosis of aortic valve
Friction rub - correct answer a harsh grating sound heard in systole and
diastole with pericarditis
Murmur - correct answer cause by turbulent blood flow from stenotic
or malfunctioning heart valves, congenital defects, or increased blood
flow. They are characterized by location, timing in the cardiac cycle,
intensity, pitch, quality, and radiation.
To assess jugular venous pressure - correct answer Elevate the patients
head to 45 degrees (up to 90 if necessary) with patients head turned to
the right. Position light at an angle to illuminate veins and shadows.
measure the height of the jugular vein pulsation about the sternal joint
using a ruler. Normal is less than 4cm above sternal angle.
QT interval - correct answer when the ventricles complete contraction
to when they begin to contract again (the resting phase of the
ventricles) Shorter when the heart rate is faster and longer when the
heart rate is slower. (QTc is the corrected Qt interval)
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